Synthesis of Adrenocortical Hormones

Question 1

Aldosterone synthase, an enzyme used in aldosterone synthesis, is activated by

Answer 1

Angiotensin II

Question 2

hormone secreted by the hypothalamus acts on the anterior pituitary to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone, which acts on the adrenal cortex to secrete adrenocortical hormones

Answer 2

Coritcotropin Releasing Hormones

Question 3

The secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus is (stimulated/inhibited) by cortisol.

Answer 3

Inhibited

Question 4

The middle layer of the adrenal cortex is called and it secretes glucocorticoids.

Answer 4

Zona Fasciculata

Question 5

The zona glomerulosa layer of the adrenal cortex secretes .

Answer 5

Mieralocorticoids

Question 6

In glucocorticoid synthesis, 17-hydroxyprogesterone is converted to 11-deoxycortisol by .

Answer 6

21 hydroxylase

Question 7

The first step in the biosynthesis of adrenocortical hormones is converting cholesterol to pregnenolone by .

Answer 7

Cholesterol desmolase

Question 8

Aldosterone secretion is regulated primarily through extracellular fluid volume changes by the system.

Answer 8

RAAS

Question 9

A low dose of in a healthy person inhibits adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion.

Answer 9

Dexamethasone

Question 10

Increased serum K+ concentration depolarizes adrenal cells and opens channels, which stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone.

Answer 10

voltage sensitive calcium channels

Question 11

Corticotropin-releasing hormone secreted by the acts on the anterior pituitary to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone, which acts on the adrenal cortex to secrete adrenocortical hormones.

Answer 11

Hypothalamus

Question 12

Progesterone is converted to 17-hydroxyprogesterone in the synthesis of glucocorticoids or androgens by .

Answer 12

17 alpha hydroxylase

Question 13

Cholesterol desmolase, the first and rate-limiting enzyme used in the biosynthesis of adrenocortical hormones, is activated by .

Answer 13

ACTH

Question 14

The conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I is catalyzed by .

Answer 14

Renin

Question 15

The conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II is catalyzed by .

Answer 15

ACE

Question 16

In glucocorticoid synthesis, 11-deoxycortisol is converted to cortisol by .

Answer 16

11 beta-hydroxylase

Question 17

Aldosterone secretion is stimulated by a(n) (increase/decrease) in extracellular fluid volume.

Answer 17

DECREASE

Question 18

The outermost layer of the adrenal cortex is called and it secretes mineralocorticoids.

Answer 18

Zona Glomerulosa

Question 19

Aldosterone secretion increases with (increased/decreased) serum K+ concentration.

Answer 19

Increased

Question 20

The zona fasciculata layer of the adrenal cortex secretes .

Answer 20

Glucocorticoids

Question 21

Na+ reabsorption in the kidney is stimulated by (hormone) to help restore extracellular fluid volume.

Answer 21

Aldosterone

Question 22

the main glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex.

Answer 22

Cortisol

Question 23

The zona reticularis layer of the adrenal cortex secretes

Answer 23

Androgens

Question 24

In mineralocorticoid synthesis, corticosterone is converted to aldosterone by .

Answer 24

Aldosterone synthase

Question 25

Corticotropin-releasing hormone secreted by the hypothalamus acts on the anterior pituitary to secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone, which acts on the adrenal cortex to secrete hormones.

Answer 25

Adrenocortical

Question 26

The rate limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of adrenocortical hormones is .

Answer 26

CHOLESTEROL DESMOLASE

Question 27

The innermost layer of the adrenal cortex is called and it secretes androgens.

Answer 27

Zona reticularis

Question 28

Corticotropin-releasing hormone secreted by the hypothalamus acts on the anterior pituitary to secrete hormone, which acts on the adrenal cortex to secrete adrenocortical hormones.

Answer 28

ACTH