Renal Reabsorption and Secretion Flashcards
Para-aminohippuric acid is an organic acid that is filtered and secreted but not .
Reabsorbed
The para-aminohippuric acid transporters in the proximal tubule cells are responsible for secretion of drugs like .
Penicillin
Para-aminohippuric acid is the substance most commonly used to measure .
Renal Plasma Flow
The para-aminohippuric acid transporters in the proximal tubule cells are inhibited by (medication) .
Probenecid
The Na-glucose cotransporters in the nephron generally have a (high/low) affinity for glucose.
LOW
Sodium-glucose cotransport is considered transport because ATP is used to directly energize the Na-K-ATPase and indirectly maintain the sodium gradient.
Secondary Active
Glucose is transported into the peritubular capillary blood from the cell via (mechanism) through the GLUT1 and GLUT2 transporters.
Facilitated Diffusion
Two sodium ions and one glucose molecule bind to the cotransporter protein in the nephron luminal membrane.
SGLT2
Glucose carriers in the nephron are completely saturated and reabsorption levels are maximal at plasma concentrations above mg/dL.
375 mg/dL
All of filtered glucose is reabsorbed in the nephron at concentrations less than mg/dL.
200 mg/dL
Glucose reabsorption involves a cotransporter across the luminal membrane of the nephron.
Sodium-Glucose
are the two proteins involved in facilitated diffusion of glucose into peritubular capillary blood.
GLUT 1 and GLUT 2
is the amount of glucose that can be reabsorbed before glucose transporters are saturated.
Reabsorptive rate at which the carriers are saturated
Transport Maximum
When the filtered load of glucose exceeds the reabsorptive capacity of the nephron then occurs.
Glucosuria
are the two proteins involved in facilitated diffusion of glucose into peritubular capillary blood.
GLUT 1 and GLUT 2
is the amount of glucose that can be reabsorbed before glucose transporters are saturated.
Reabsorptive rate at which the carriers are saturated
Transport Maximum
When the filtered load of glucose exceeds the reabsorptive capacity of the nephron then occurs.
Glucosuria
In the nephron, glucose is reabsorbed into the intracellular fluid (with/against) the electrochemical gradient.
against
Filtered Load
Filtered Load = GFR x plasma
Woman w/ untreated DM GFR 120 mL/min plasma conc - 400 mg/dL urine glucose conc - 2500 mg/dL urine flow rate - 4 mL/min
Reabsorption rate of glucose
Filtered load = 120 x 400 = 48000
Excretion rate - 2500 x 4 = 10000
Reabsorption rate = 48 000 - 10 000 = 38 000
380 mg/min
Reabsorption Rate
Reabsorption Rate = Filtered Load - Excretion Rate
Secretion Rate
Secretion Rate = Excretion Rate - Filtered Load
In the kidneys, urea is (reabsorbed/secreted) in the collecting ducts.
Reabsorbed
In the kidneys, urea is (reabsorbed/secreted) into the loop of henle.
SECRETED
Urea allows the kidneys to create (hypoosmotic/hyperosmotic) urine in order to prevent too much fluid loss.
Hyperosmotic
About percent of the urea filtered is normally found in the final urine.
40%
Renal urea handling is regulated by
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
