Renal clearance, glomerular filtration and renal blood flow Flashcards
A renal clearance ratio (greater than, less than, equal to) one describes a substance that is either not filtered or is filtered but REABSORBED
LESS THAN
A renal clearance ratio (greater than, less than, equal to) one describes a substance that is a glomerular marker - filtered but neither reabsorbed nor secreted.
EQUAL
The renal clearance of any substance can be compared with the clearance of , a substance that is freely filtered and neither reabsorbed nor secreted.
Inulin
The renal clearance ratio is calculated by dividing the clearance of substance X by the clearance of .
Inulin
Na+, Cl-, phosphate, glucose, and albumin have
renal clearance ratios (greater than, less than, equal to) less than one.
LESS THAN
Intracellular osmolarity is (greater than, less than, equal to) to extracellular osmolarity in the steady state.
EQUAL
A renal clearance ratio (greater than, less than, equal to) one describes a substance that is both filtered and secreted.
GREATER THAN
The body undergoes numerous physiological changes during pregnancy Which of the following statements does NOT describe one of these changes?
Decreased glomerular filtration rate
Glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow increase by about 50% in pregnancy leading to decreased BUN and creatinine on laboratory examination.
Major Takeaway:
Physiologic changes of pregnancy
occur as the mother’s body adapts to support the growing fetus. These include cardiovascular, respiratory, renal , immunologic, and endocrine adaptations.
The glomerular capillary barrier has (positively/negatively) charged glycoproteins on all layers of the filtration barrier.
NEGATIVELY
Between podocyte foot processes are small which are an important filtration barrier.
Filtration slits
(Negatively/Positively) charged solutes will be less readily filtered at the glomerular capillary barrier because of the net glycoprotein charge.
Negatively
Loss of negative charges on the glomerular capillary barrier, as seen in some diseases, will result in (increased/decreased) filtration of plasma proteins.
INCREASED
The cell layer of the glomerular filtration barrier contains relatively large pores; though they are small enough to prevent filtration of blood cells.
Endothelial
(Large/Small) solutes are more readily filtered across the glomerular capillary barrier.
Small
The glomerular filtration barrier has (number) layers.
3
endothelium
basement membrane
epithelium