Lung Volumes and Capacities Flashcards
Volume inspired or expired w/ each normal breath
500 mL
anatomic dead space - 150 mL
respiratory unit of the lung - 350 mL
Tidal Volume
Volume that can be INSPIRED over and above the tidal volume
Used during EXERCISE
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Volume that can be EXPIRED AFTER the expiration of the tidal volume
Expiratory Reserve Volume
Volume that remains in the lungs after a MAXIMAL expiration
CANNOT be measured by spirometer
MAINTAINS oxygenation in b/w breaths
Residual Volume
Sum of the TIDAL VOLUME and IRV
Inspiratory Capacity
Sum of ERV and RV
EQUILIBRIUM/RESTING VOLUME OF THE LUNG
MARKER FOR LUNG FUNCTION
REMAINS in the lung AFTER a TV is EXPIRED
alveolar pressure = atmospheric pressure
CANNOT be measured by spirometry
Functional Residual Capacity
Sum of TV, IRV and ERV
Volume of the air that can be forcibly expired AFTER a maximal inspiration
Vital Capacity
Sum of all lung volumes AFTEr a maximal inspiration
Total Lung Capacity
Air from NOSE to TERMINAL BRONCHIOLES (conducting zone) that does NOT undergo gas exchange
Anatomic Dead Space (150 mL)
Air in the RESPIRATORY UNIT of the lung (RESPIRATORY ZONE) that does NOT undergo gas exchange d.t. V/Q mismatch
Alveolar Dead Space (0 mL)
Anatomic + Alveolar Dead Space
Physiologic Dead Space
Functional Anatomic Unit of the lung
Bronchopulmonary segments (segmental bronchi to alveoli)
Respiratory Unit of the Lung
only 3 areas in the respiratory system capable of gas exchange
respiratory bronchiole
alveolar ducts
alveolar sacs
For GAS EXCHANGE
larger
TYPE I pneumocyte
For SURFACTANT PRODUCTION
SMALLER
TYPE II PNEUMOCYTE
