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Physiology > Estrogen and Progesterone > Flashcards

Estrogen and Progesterone Flashcards

1
Q

The hormone predominantly secreted by the corpus luteum.

A

Progesterone

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2
Q

In pregnancy, is the hormone that maintains the endometrial lining of the uterus and increases the uterine threshold to contractile stimuli, thus preserving the pregnancy until the fetus is ready to be delivered.

A

Progesterone

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3
Q

Estrogen (increases/decreases)

the production of steroid hormone-binding globulin.

A

Increases

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4
Q

the hormone that stimulates growth of the endometrium, growth of glands and stroma, and elongation of the spiral arteries, which supply the endometrium.

A

Estrogen

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5
Q

Like testicular function in the male, ovarian function in the female is driven by (pulsatile/continuous) activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis.

A

Pulsatile

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6
Q

In pregnancy, is the hormone that stimulates growth of the myometrium, growth of the ductal system of the breasts, prolactin secretion, and enlargement of the external genitalia.

A

Estrogen

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7
Q

is a hormone secreted by the corpus luteum and placenta that triggers the production of thick cervical mucus.

A

Progesterone

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8
Q

The cells are the only ovarian cells with follicle stimulating hormone receptors.

A

GRABULOSA CELLS

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9
Q

a hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics.

A

Estrogen

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10
Q

is a hormone secreted by the corpus luteum and placenta that functions to maintain pregnancy.

A

Progesterone - PROGESTATION

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11
Q

In a normal, nonpregnant female, estrogens are secreted in significant quantities only by the .

A

OVARIES

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12
Q

In the uterus, is the hormone that causes cell proliferation, cell growth, and increased contractility.

A

ESTROGEN

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13
Q

Estrogen (stimulates/inhibits) osteoclastic activity in the bones.

A

INHIBITS

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14
Q

Progesterone (increases/decreases) body temperature.

A

INCREASES

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15
Q

In the uterus, is the hormone that increases secretory activity and decreases contractility.

A

Progesterone

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16
Q

Progesterone (stimulates/inhibits) uterine smooth muscle contraction.

A

INHIBITS

17
Q

In the vagina, the hormone stimulates differentiation but inhibits proliferation of epithelial cells

A

Progesterone

18
Q

Estrogen (increases/decreases)

LDL levels.

A

DECREASES

19
Q

is a hormone produced by the ovarian granulosa cells that stimulates follicle stimulating hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary.

A

ACTIVIN

20
Q

is the female hormone that contributes to the pubertal growth spurt, closure of the epiphyses at the end of the growth spurt, and the deposition of subcutaneous fat.

A

ESTROGEN

21
Q

is a female hormone that has a mild thermogenic action, increasing basal body temperature during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.

A

Progesterone

22
Q

the hormone produced by ovarian granulosa cells that inhibits follicular stimulating hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary.

A

INHIBIN

23
Q

Development of adult female breasts is dependent on the hormone .

A

Estrogen

24
Q

Progesterone (stimulates/inhibits) gonadotropin activity (luteinizing hormone; follicle-stimulating hormone).

A

Inhibits

25
Q

In the cells, androstenedione is converted to testosterone and testosterone is then converted to 17-beta-estradiol.

A

GRANULOSA CELLS

26
Q

Progesterone (stimulates/inhibits) endometrial hyperplasia.

A

INHIBITS

27
Q

The phase of the menstrual cycle is the 14-day period following ovulation that is dominated by progesterone.

A

LUTEAL PHASE

28
Q

In the vagina, the hormone stimulates proliferation of epithelial cells.

A

ESTROGEN

29
Q

Estrogen (increases/decreases)

HDL levels.

A

INCREASES

30
Q

Progesterone (increases/decreases) myometrial excitability.

A

Decreases

31
Q

During pregnancy, tremendous quantities of estrogen are secreted by the .

A

PLACENTA

32
Q

Loss of the hormone triggers the shedding of the endometrium in the menstrual phase.

A

Progesterone

33
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates the ovarian production of estrogens by the cells of the ovarian follicle.

A

GRANULOSA CELLS

34
Q

The three naturally occurring estrogens in the female body are

A

ESTRADIOL
ESTRIOL
ESTRONE

35
Q

Estradiol causes a(n) (increase/decrease) in the expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptors at the anterior pituitary gland.

A

INCREASE

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