Dyspnea

Question 1

Chest tightness or constriction

Answer 1

bronchoconstriction
interstitial edema (asthma, myocardial ischemia)

Question 2

Increased work or effort of breathing

Answer 2

airway obstruction (COPD, uncontrolled asthma)
neuromuscular disease (myopathy, kyphoscoliosis)

Question 3

Air hunger, need to breathe, urge to breathe

Answer 3

CHF, pulmonary embolism, moderate-severe airflow obstruction

Question 4

Cannot get a deep breath, unsatisfying breath

Answer 4

hyperinflation (asthma, COPD)

restricted tidal volume (pulmonary fibrosis, chest wall restriction)

Question 5

Heavy breathing, rapid breathing, breathing more

Answer 5

deconditioning

Question 6

Common indicator of CHF, mechanical impairment of diaphragm associated w/ obesity or asthma, triggered by esophageal reflux

Answer 6

Orthopnea

Question 7

Dyspnea/ cough at night and awakens individual from sleep

CHF

Answer 7

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea (PND)

Question 8

More likely to reflect episodes of myocardial ischemia, bronchospasm or pulmonary embolism

Answer 8

Acute, intermittent episodes of dyspnea

Question 9

Typical of COPD, ILD and chronic thromboembolic disease

Answer 9

Chronic Persistent Dyspnea

Question 10

Dyspnea relieved when lying down and worsens when sitting/standing

left atrial myxoma and hepatopulmonary syndrome

Answer 10

Platypnea