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2 - CPR (cardio) > Secondary HTN Drugs > Flashcards

Secondary HTN Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 loops diuretics (K+ losing)?

A

Furosemide
Torsdemide
Bumetanide
Ethacrynic acid

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2
Q

Where do the Loops Diuretics work at?

A

Thick ascending limb of the loop of henle

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3
Q

MOA for Loops diuretics?

A

(-) Na, K, 2Cl cotransporter

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4
Q

Unlike Thiazide diuretics, Loop diuretics are effective in patients with?

A

LOW GFR

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5
Q

What toxicity can occur when taking Loop diuretics like Furosemide?

A

Ototoxicity

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6
Q

What electrolyte changes are seen/allergy with Loop Diuretics?

A

Hypo-electrolytes

Sulfonamide allergy patients should not take

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7
Q

There are 2 types of K+ sparing Diuretics. What are they?

A

Aldosterone Antagonists

ENaC blockers

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8
Q

There are 2 types of K+ sparing Diuretics. What are they?

A

Aldosterone Antagonists

ENaC blockers

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9
Q

What are the Aldosterone Antagonists?

A

Spironolactone

Eplerenone

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10
Q

What are the ENaC blockers?

A

Amiloride

Triamterene

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11
Q

What are the ENaC blockers?

A

Amiloride

Triamterene

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12
Q

Where do K+ sparing Diuretics, (ENaC blockers and Aldosterone Antagonists) work?

A

Collecting duct

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13
Q

Where do K+ sparing Diuretics (ENaC blockers and Aldosterone Antagonists) work?

A

Collecting duct

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14
Q

MOA for ENaC blockers?

A

(-) Na+ channels at collecting duct

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15
Q

What electrolyte change can K+ sparing Diuretics result in?

A

Hyperkalemia

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16
Q

What are 4 K+ sparing Diuretics?

A

Amiloride
Triamterene
Spironolactone
Eplerenone

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17
Q

What is a direct Renin inhibitor?

A

Aliskiren

18
Q

MOA for Aliskiren?

A

(-) Renin from converting Angiotensinogen to Angiotensin 1

19
Q

Are they any benefits for taking Aliskiren (Renin (-))?

A

NO - evidence of increased risk of adverse effects

20
Q

What is a nonselective Beta Blocker?

A

Propranolol

21
Q

What are 3 Beta1 blockers?

A

Metoprolol
Bisoprolol
Atenolol

22
Q

What are 3 Beta1 blockers?

A

Metoprolol
Bisoprolol
Atenolol

23
Q

Abrupt stoppage of ____ and ____ will cause an increase in SNS tone = tachycardia, rebound HTN, MI or death

A

alpha 2 agonists and beta blockers

24
Q

Alpha 1 receptor job

A

Vasoconstriction

25
Q

Alpha 2 receptor job

A

Inhibitory feedback mechanisms in brain to decrease sympathetic tone

26
Q

Beta1 receptor job

A

Increase HR, contractility and renin secretion

27
Q

Beta2 receptor job

A

Skeletal muscle vasodilation

28
Q

What are 3 alpha1 blockers?

A

Prazosin
Doxazosin
Terazosin

29
Q

What are 3 alpha1 blockers?

A

Prazosin
Doxazosin
Terazosin

30
Q

Adverse effects of Alpha1 blockers like Prazosin?

A

Orthostatic hypotension

Retrograde ejaculation

31
Q

What else can Alpha1 blockers like Doxazosin and Terazosin treat?

A

BPH and kidney stones

32
Q

Where do Alpha2 Agonists target?

A

Brainstem

33
Q

What are 2 Alpha2 Agonists?

A

Clonidine

Methyldopa

34
Q

What are 2 Alpha2 Agonists?

A

Clonidine

Methyldopa

35
Q

What are the adverse effects of Clonidine and what is its drug class?

A

Alpha2 Agonist

– Rebound HTN if dose missed, xerostomia, drowsy

36
Q

When is Methyldopa used and what is its drug class?

A

Alpha2 Agonist

= Used for gestational HTN (during pregnancy)

37
Q

What are the adverse effects seen with Methyldopa use and what is its drug class?

A

Alpha2 Agonist

  • (+) coombs test
  • SLE like syndrome
38
Q

What are 3 direct vasodilators?

A

Hydralazine
Nitroprusside
Minoxidil

39
Q

What are 3 direct vasodilators?

A

Hydralazine
Nitroprusside
Minoxidil

40
Q

3 vasodilators, what they dilate and when/if they are used?

A
  1. Hydralazine (artery dilation) – used in HTN emergency of pregnant women
  2. Nitroprusside (artery and vein dilation)
  3. Minoxidil (artery dilation)

2 - CPR (cardio) (44 decks)

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