Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2 - CPR (cardio) > Endocarditis, Myocarditis, Pericarditis > Flashcards

Endocarditis, Myocarditis, Pericarditis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of Endocarditis?

A
  1. Infective Endocarditis
  2. Non-bacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis
  3. Non-bacterial Verrucous Endocarditis
    (–libmann Sachs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Acute Infective Endocarditis develops on ____ heart valve endothelium

A

Normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Subacute Infective Endocarditis develops on a ____ heart valve endothelium

A

Damaged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Non-bacterial Thrombotic and Verrucous Endocarditis are sterile platelet vegetations on cardiac valves. The patients present with?

A

New cardiac murmur or embolic disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the main risk factors for Infective Endocarditis?

A

Older males
IV drug use
Poor dentition
Structural heart disease or implantable device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

IV drug use leads to ____ sided Endocarditis

A

Right sided Endocarditis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Infective Endocarditis?

A
  • Endothelial injury with platelets/fibrin adherence
  • Pathogen gains access to blood
  • Pathogen adheres to platelet/fibrin on valve surface
  • Pathogen proliferates on endothelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the pathogenesis of Infective Endocarditis?

A
  • Endothelial injury with platelets/fibrin adherence
  • Pathogen gains access to the blood
  • Pathogen adheres to platelets/fibrin on valve surface
  • Pathogen proliferates on endothelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Acute Infective Endocarditis usually involves highly virulent pathogens like?

A

Staph. Aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Subacute Infective Endocarditis usually involves less virulent pathogens like?

A

Strep. Viridans

Enterococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of Infective Endocarditis?

A
  • Fever, malaise, night sweats, weight loss
  • New cardiac murmur
  • Splinter hemorrhages, janeway lesions, roth spots, osler nodes
  • Vascular embolic events
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of Infective Endocarditis?

A
  • Fever, malaise, night sweats, weight loss
  • New cardiac murmur
  • Splinter hemorrhages, janeway lesions, osler nodes, roth spots on eye
  • Vascular embolic events
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

With infective endocarditis, a new cardiac murmur can be heard. What is the usual type?

A

Regurgitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the diagnostic measures for Infective Endocarditis?

A

Echocardiography (TTE) and blood cultures before antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Possible complications of Infective Endocarditis?

A
  • Heart failure and pericarditis
  • Metastatic infection/embolization
  • Renal complications
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the treatment for Infective Endocarditis?

A
  • Infective disease consult – empiric antibiotics (vancomycin)
  • Remove cardiac devices/surgery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Endocarditis prophylaxis is used for what type of patients?

A

High risk patients and relative procedures

18
Q

What patients should receive Endocarditis Prophylaxis?

A
  • History of Infective Endocarditis
  • Prosthetic heart valve replacement/repair/etc.
  • Congenital heart disease
19
Q

What procedures should high risk patients have Endocarditis Prophylaxis for?

A

Dental procedures

20
Q

Common causes of Myocarditis?

A
  • Idiopathic

- Viral = Coxsackie B virus, Parvovirus B19, HHV6

21
Q

What are 3 common viruses that cause Myocarditis?

A
  • Coxsackie B virus
  • Parvovirus B19
  • HHV-6
22
Q

Myocarditis involves a highly variable clinical presentation. It usually occurs after a?

A

Viral infection

23
Q

Myocarditis involves a highly variable clinical presentation. What are the 3 most common patterns?

A
  1. New onset/worsening heart failure
  2. Conduction abnormalities
  3. Acute MI-like syndrome
24
Q

Diagnostic test for Myocarditis?

A

Endomyocardial Biopsy

25
Q

Diagnostic test for Myocarditis?

A

Endomyocardial Biopsy

26
Q

Levels of WBC, ESR, CRP, Troponins and BNP for Myocarditis?

A

ELEVATED

27
Q

Treatment for Myocarditis?

A

Treat the heart failure or conduction abnormalities

28
Q

Describe the layering of the heart

A
  • Endocardium
  • Myocardium
  • Visceral (serous) pericardium
  • Pericardial sac
  • Parietal (serous) pericardium
  • Fibrous pericardium
29
Q

What is pericarditis?

A

Inflammation of Pericardium

30
Q

Serous fluid in pericardial sac

A

Pericardial effusion

31
Q

Pericardial fluid that compresses the heart and impairs function

A

Cardiac tamponade

32
Q

Scarred, thickened and calcified pericardium that impairs function

A

Constrictive pericarditis

33
Q

What is the most common disorder involving pericardium?

A

Acute Pericarditis

34
Q

It is not usually necessary to determine the cause of Pericarditis, but what are the most common causes in developed and undeveloped nations?

A

Developed - idiopathic/viral

Undeveloped - Tuberculosis

35
Q

Symptoms of Pericarditis – describe chest pain?

A

Chest pain - sharp and pleuritic (worse with inspiration)

– Chest pain is worse with lying down and better when sitting up and leaning forward

36
Q

Symptoms of Pericarditis – describe chest pain?

A

Chest pain - sharp and pleuritic (worse with inspiration)

– Chest pain worse with lying down and better when sitting up and leaning forward

37
Q

What is heard on auscultation with Pericarditis?

A

Friction rub

38
Q

ECG changes with Pericarditis?

A

PR segment depression and/or ST elevation

39
Q

ECG changes with Pericarditis and the treatment?

A

PR segment depression and/or ST elevation

– NSAIDs and Colchicine

40
Q

Treatment for Pericarditis?

A

NSAIDs and Colchicine

2 - CPR (cardio) (44 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions