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2 - CPR (cardio) > Parenteral DVT Anticoagulants > Flashcards

Parenteral DVT Anticoagulants Flashcards

1
Q

Symptoms of a DVT?

A

Unilateral pain, swelling, redness, warmth in LE

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2
Q

What are the drugs that (-) factor Xa?

A

Heparin
LMWH (enoxaparin, delteparin, tinazeparin)
Fondaparinux

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3
Q

What are the drugs that (-) factor Xa?

A

Heparin
LMWH (enoxaparin, delteparin, tinazeparin)
Fondaparinux

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4
Q

Heparin can (-) both?

A

Factor Xa and Thrombin (indirectly)

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5
Q

What anticoagulant is prepared from lungs/intestines of cattle/pigs?

A

Heparin

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6
Q

Why can’t Heparin readily cross membranes/placenta?

A

It is super negatively charged

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7
Q

The half life for Heparin is relatively short and about how long?

A

1.5 hours

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8
Q

What are the contraindications for taking Heparin?

A

Thrombocytopenia, surgery involving brain, eye, or spinal cord

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9
Q

What are the possible adverse effects of taking Heparin?

A

BLEEDING - fatal/paralysis

Heparin induced thrombocytopenia

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10
Q

What is the antidote for Heparin or LMWH drugs and why?

A

Protamine - many positive charges that bond with negatively charged Heparin

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11
Q

What are the low molecular weight heparins (LMWH)?

A

Enoxaparin
Delteparin
Tinazeparin

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12
Q

What are the LMWHs?

A

Enoxaparin
Delteparin
Tinazeparin

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13
Q

MOA for LMWH?

A

(-) factor Xa

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14
Q

Why are LMWH like Enoxaparin easier to use than heparin?

A

Dosing is predictable and they have a longer half life

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15
Q

What is the 1st drug of choice for Parenteral Anticoagulation?

A

Enoxaparin (LMWH)

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16
Q

Adverse effects of the LMWHs?

A

Bleeding
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia
Neurologic/spinal cord injury

17
Q

What is the antidote for the LMWHs?

A

Protamine

18
Q

What is a synthetic pentasaccharide?

A

Fondaparinux

19
Q

What is identical to antithrombin binding structure of heparin?

A

Fondaparinux

20
Q

MOA for Fondaparinux?

A

(-) factor Xa

21
Q

Fondaparinux is more effective than Enoxaprin (LMWH) but why is it not the first drug of choice?

A

Increased risk of bleeding

22
Q

What can Fondaparinux be used in conjunction with?

A

Warfarin

23
Q

How is Fondaparinux given and what is the half life?

A

SubQ daily dose with a longer half life (17-21 hours)

24
Q

What are 2 Direct Thrombin Inhibitors?

A

Bivalirudin

Argatroban

25
Q

What are 2 Direct Thrombin Inhibitors?

A

Bivalirudin

Argatroban

26
Q

Bivalirudin is similar to what compound?

A

Hirudin

27
Q

During an angioplasty, Bivalirudin can be given with?

A

Aspirin

28
Q

Where does Argatroban bind?

A

Catalytic site of Thrombin

29
Q

What can Argatroban treat?

A

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

30
Q

Both the Direct Thrombin Inhibitors are given via?

A

IV

- Bivalirudin and Argatroban

2 - CPR (cardio) (44 decks)

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