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2 - CPR (cardio) > Aneurysm > Flashcards

Aneurysm Flashcards

1
Q

What is an Aneurysm?

A

Dilation of blood vessel

abnormal and focal

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2
Q

What is an Aneurysm?

A

Dilation of blood vessel

abnormal and focal

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3
Q

What are the 2 types of True Aneurysms?

A

Saccular

Fusiform

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4
Q

Saccular true aneurysms

A

Dilation of one side of the vessel

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5
Q

Fusiform true aneurysms

A

Bilateral and symmetric dilation of the vessel

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6
Q

True aneurysms have an ____ wall at site of dilation

A

INTACT

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7
Q

False aneurysm

A

Wall defect that allows blood communication into a space covered with connective tissue
= Extravascular hematoma

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8
Q

Wall defect that allows blood communication into a space covered with connective tissue

A

Extravascular Hematoma

= False aneurysm

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9
Q

Aneurysms/dissections are common in what 2 connective tissue disorders?

A

Marfan Syndrome

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

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10
Q

Ehlers Danlos Syndrome has a mutation in?

A

COL3A1 (collagen) mutation

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11
Q

What are the findings with Ehlers Danlos Syndrome?

A
  • Joint hyperextensibility
  • Fragile and elastic skin
  • Bruising and abnormal healing
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12
Q

Joint hyper-extensibility, fragile/elastic skin and bruising with abnormal healing

A

Ehlers Danlos Syndrome

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13
Q

What is the most important risk factor for developing an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?

A

Atherosclerosis

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14
Q

What is the most important risk factor for developing an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?

A

Atherosclerosis

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15
Q

In who and where are Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms common?

A

Older males who smoke

= Below Renal arteries and Above the bifurcation

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16
Q

Asymptomatic AAA

A

Pulsatile abdominal mass or incidental finding

17
Q

Symptomatic but not ruptured AAA

A

Abdomen/back pain with pulsatile abdominal mass

18
Q

Symptomatic and ruptured AAA

A

Abdomen/back pain
Pulsatile abdominal mass
HYPOtension

19
Q

The risk of a AAA rupturing increases when its diameter is greater than?

A

5 cm

20
Q

What is the most important risk factor for developing a Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm?

A

Hypertension

21
Q

What is the most important risk factor for developing a Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm?

A

Hypertension

22
Q

The symptoms of a Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm are due to?

A

Compression of adjacent structures

23
Q

What are possible compressions/symptoms associated with a Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm?

A
  • Respiratory tree = trouble breathing
  • Esophagus = dysphagia
  • Recurrent Laryngeal N. = coughing
24
Q

What is another condition in which a Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm can occur?

A

Tertiary Syphilis (treponema pallidum)

25
Q

How does a Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm develop with Tertiary Syphilis?

A

Obliterative endarteritis of vasa vasorum

= Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

26
Q

Besides a Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm, what other aortic manifestation can be seen with Treponema pallidum?

A

Aortic valve regurgitation

27
Q

What is an Aortic Dissection?

A

Intimal layer tear allows blood to fill a channel between the intima and media layers

28
Q

What is an Aortic Dissection?

A

Intimal layer tear allows blood to fill a channel between the intima and media layers of the vessel

29
Q

What are some causes of Aortic Dissections?

A

Hypertension

Marfan syndrome/Ehlers Danlos Syndrome

30
Q

What is the triad seen with Aortic Dissections?

A

Thoracic pain
Pulse abnormalities
Widened mediastinum

31
Q

What is the triad seen with an Aortic Dissection?

A

Thoracic pain
Pulse abnormalities
Widened mediastinum

32
Q

What is the most common location for an Aortic Dissection?

A

Proximal to the Left common carotid artery

33
Q

What is the most common location for an Aortic Dissection?

A

Proximal to the Left common carotid artery

34
Q

What is the most common type of Aortic Dissection and describe it

A

DeBakey 1

- Proximal tear and blood fills channel that extends down the aorta on both sides

35
Q

What is the most common type of Aortic Dissection and describe it

A

DeBakey 1

- Proximal tear and blood fills channel that extends down aorta on both sides

36
Q

Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis has what (+) marker?

A

PR-3 ANCA

37
Q

Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis has what (+) marker?

A

MPO-ANCA

2 - CPR (cardio) (44 decks)

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