Connective Tissue Disorders - Lupus Flashcards
What type of Hypersensitivity is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)?
Type 3
= Immune complex deposition
Skin and Hematologic symptoms of SLE?
- Malar “butterfly” rash and photosensitivity
- Fever, Anemia, Thrombosis
Bone/CNS/Eye symptoms of SLE?
- Arthritis (bilateral and non-erosive)
- Seizures
- Retinopathy with cotton wool spots
Cardiac issues with SLE?
- Pericarditis
- Libman-Sacks Endocarditis
What are the symptoms/exam findings with pericarditis in a SLE patient?
Chest pain that is worse with cough, deep inspiration and laying down
– Pericardial friction rub and diffuse ST elevation
SLE patients are at an increased risk for MI due to?
Accelerated Atherosclerosis
SLE serology
- Antibodies to dsDNA
- Antibodies to Smith (sm)
With SLE, dsDNA antibodies correlate with? What else can suggest disease activity?
Disease activity
– Decreased C3 and C4 of complement can also suggest disease activity
Treatment options for SLE?
Avoid sun exposure, NSAIDs for pain,
Glucocorticoids
Hydroxychloroquine
Preventive measures for those with SLE?
- Minimize conventional risks for Atherosclerosis (lower cholesterol, lipids, obesity and smoking)!!
- Influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations
- Cancer screenings
In the early years after SLE diagnosis, what things cause mortality?
Infections
Kidney and CNS diseases
In the later years after SLE diagnosis, what things cause mortality?
Accelerated Atherosclerosis with MI
Thromboembolic events
Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome is a risk factor for what 2 things to occur?
Venous/Arterial thrombosis
Miscarriage
What are the 3 Antiphospholipid Antibodies?
- Anticardiolipin Antibodies (aCL)
- Lupus Anticoagulant (LA)
- Beta 2 Glycoprotein 1
What are the 3 Antiphospholipid Antibodies?
- Anticardiolipin Antibodies (aCL)
- Lupus Anticoagulant (LC)
- Beta 2 Glycoprotein 1
Which Antiphospholipid antibody can cause a false (+) for Syphilis?
Anticardiolipin Antibody (aCL)
Which Antiphospholipid Antibody prolongs PTT clotting time even with normal plasma in vitro?
Lupus Anticoagulant (LA)
When should Antiphospholipid Antibodies be measured?
On 2 separate occasions at least 12 weeks apart
Treatment for Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome?
INDEFINITE systemic anticoagulation
What causes Lupus-like Syndrome/Drug-Induced Lupus and what will resolve it?
Meds induce it
– Stopping medication will resolve it
Lupus-like Syndrome/Drug-Induced Lupus presents similarly to SLE. What symptoms does it NOT have though?
Renal and CNS symptoms
What antibodies will be (+) with Lupus-Like Syndrome/Drug-Induced Lupus?
Anti-Histone Antibodies
(+) Anti-Histone Antibodies
Lupus-like Syndrome/Drug-Induced Lupus
(+) dsDNA antibodies
(+) Sm antibodies
SLE
systemic lupus erythematosus
