Psychology Chapter 11-Important concepts: Part 2 Flashcards
What are the misconceptions of happiness?
- The prime determinant of happiness is what happens to us
- Money makes us happy
- Happiness declines in old age
- People of the west coast are happier
The Yerkes-Dodson law is popular among _______ psychologists.
Sport
What is stimulus hunger?
According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, when we are under-aroused, we experience stimulus hunger or a drive for stimulation.
What is sensory deprivation?
Go into an isolation tank and then start seeing shit.
What are tendencies to approach?
Drives that predispose us toward certain stimuli.
What are tendencies toward avoidance?
Drive that predisposed us away from certain stimuli.
What are the different approach/avoidance conflicts?
AP-AV
AP-AP
AV-AV
Double AP-AV conflict
What is intrinsic motivation?
Motivation that people feel from their own, internal goals.
What is extrinsic motivation?
Motivation from external goals.
What is the contrast effect?
Once we receive reinforcement for performing a behaviour, we expect reinforcement again but, when it never comes, we’re less likely to show it again, since we have nothing to gain.
What are primary needs?
Biological necessities.
What are secondary needs?
Psychological desires.
What role does the lateral hypothalamus play in eating?
role in initiating eating-feeding centre.
What role does the ventromedial hypothalamus play in eating?
Serves as a satiety centre.
What is ghrelin?
hormone produced by stomach, communicates with hypothalamus to increase hunger.
What is CCK?
Cholecystokinin. Counteracts the effects of ghrelin and decreases hunger.
What is the set point hypothesis?
According to this, obese people have a biological predisposition toward greater weight gain than does a thin person.
A mutation in melanocortin-4 receptor gene does what?
People never seem full.
What is portion distortion?
Because we think in units, making the plate smaller, makes us think portions are bigger.
What is unit bias?
Heuristic controlling portions of food consumed.
What is libido?
Sexual desire
What is the exotic-become-erotic theory?
According to Bem, non-conforming children feel different and estranged from their peers and perceive their same sex peers as unfamiliar an exotic, leading to arousal for the same sex.
What do androgens do?
Influence whether the brains sets the child on a path to a more masculine or feminine characteristics. (sex hormone)
Does having older brothers increase the chance of homosexuality?
yes
What three major principles guide attraction and relationship formation?
proximity, similarity, reciprocity
Men prefer what in women?
Younger, 0.7 hip to waist ratio.
Women prefer?
Older men, larger hip to waist ratio, money.
What is the social role theory?
Women have children, men provide.
Do we prefer average features?
yes
What are the corners of Robert Sternberg’s triangular theory of love?
intimacy, passion, commitment.
What does the triangle for the theory of hate have?
negation of intimacy, passion, commitment.
