Chapter 12: Stress, Health, and Coping Flashcards
the tension, discomfort, or physical symptoms that arise when a situation, called a stressor - a type of stimulus - strains our ability to cope effectively
stress
initial decision regarding whether an event is harmful
primary appraisal
perceptions regarding our ability to cope with an event that follows primary appraisal
secondary appraisal
coping strategy by which we problem solve and tackle life’s challenges head-on
problem-focused coping
coping strategy that features a posiitve outlook on feelings or situations accompanied by behaviours that reudce painful emotions
emotion-focused coping
stress hormone that activates the body and prepares us to respond to stressful circumstances
corticosteroid
minnor annoyance or nuissance that strains our ability to cope
hassle
stress response pattern proposed by Hanse Selye that consists of three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion
general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
physical and psychological reaction that mobilizes people and animals to either defened themselves (flight) or escape (flee) a threatening situation
fight-or-flight response
reaction that mobilizes people to nurture (tend) or seek social support (befriend) under stress
tend and befriend response
our body’s defence system against invading bacteria, viruses, and other potentially illness-producing organisms and substances
immune system
a life-threatening, incurable, yet treatable condition in which the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attacks and damges the immune system
AIDS
study of the relationship between the immune system and central nervous system
psychoneuroimmunology
inflamed area in the GI tract that can cause pain, nausea, and loss of appetite
peptic ulcer
illnesses such as asthma and ulcers in which emotions and stress contribute to, maintain, or aggravated the physical condition
psychophysiological
the view that an illness or medical condition is the product of the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factor
biopsychosocial perspective
damage to the heart from the complete or partial blockage of the arteris that provide oxygen to the heart
CHD - coronary heart disease
Personality type that describes people who are competitive, driven, hostile, and ambitious
Type A personality
relationships with people and groups that can provide us with emotional comfort and personal and financial resources
social support
anticipation of problems and stressful situations that promotes effective coping
proactive coping
set of attitudes marked by a sense of control over events, commitment to life and work, and courage and motivation to confront stressful circumstances
hardiness
search for the sacred, which may or may not extend to belief in God
spirituality
field of psychology, also called behavioural medicine, that integrates the behavioural sciences with the practice of medicine
health psychology
exercise that promotes the use of oxygen in the body
aerobic exercise
health care practices and products used in place of conventional medicine
alternative medicine
health care practices and products used together with conventional medicine
complementary medicine
feedback by a device that provides almost an immediate output of a biological function, such as heart rate or skin temperature
biofeedback
a variety of practices that train attention and awareness
meditation
ancient Chinese practice of inserting thin needles into more than 2000 points in the body to alter energy forces believed to run through the body
acupuncture
remedies that feature a small dose of an illness-inducing substance to activate the body’s own natural defences
homeopathic medicine
