Chapter 9 - Important Concepts Flashcards
An individual who displays astounding intellectual achievements at an early age.
Child prodigy
Includes reasoning, understanding and judgement.
Higher mental processes
Idea that people vary in their ability levels across different domains of intellectual skill
Multiple intelligences
The ability to grasp deep philosophical ideas, like the meaning of life
existential intelligence
What are the three intelligence types of the Triarchic model?
Analytical intelligence, Practical intelligence, Creative intelligence
The ability to reason logically; book smarts
analytical intelligence
Aka Tacit intelligence; the ability to solve real world problems, especially those involving other people. Street smarts.
Practical intelligence
Creativity; our ability to come up with novel and effective answers to questions.
Creative intelligence
Phenomenon in which idiots think they are smarter than they actually are.
Double curse of incompetence
Knowledge of our own knowledge.
Metacognition.
How is IQ calculated?
Divide mental age by chronological age and multiply the result by 100
The ability to focus on difficult problems for long periods of time.
Mental energy
The ability to understand health-related information, such as instructions from doctors or on drug labels.
Health literacy
Implies that above a certain level of IQ, intelligence is no longer predictive of important real-world accomplishments.
Threshold effect
The tendency of individuals with similar genes to have children.
Assortative mating
_________ _________ tends to explain the incredible low points of the IQ distribution
Assortative mating
Many advocate for the addition of _______ to the criteria for intellectual disability
gullibility
Allow us to examine the extent to which a trait runs or goes together in intact families.
Family studies
Family studies do not allow us to distinguish the effects of ______ from those of the environment.
genes
Believed that intelligence was related to sensory ability.
Galton
What does intelligence consist of?
Ability to reason abstractly
Learn to adapt to novel environmental circumstances
Acquire knowledge
Benefit from experience
_______ forms of intellectual disability tend to be inhereted, _____ forms do not.
mild, severe
IQ is greatly influenced by ______ factors. However, at high levels of _______ deprivation, the effects of _______ on intelligence may largely swamp out the effects of ______.
genetic
environmental, environment
genes
Adoption agencies often place children in homes similar to those of the biological parents.
Confound for adoptive studies.
Selective placement
Lines of evidence suggest that ______ exerts a causal influence on IQ.
schooling
What are explanations for the Flynn effect?
Increased test sophistication
Increased complexity of the modern world
Better nutrition
Changes at home and school
