Chapter 9 - Important Concepts

Question 1

An individual who displays astounding intellectual achievements at an early age.

Answer 1

Child prodigy

Question 2

Includes reasoning, understanding and judgement.

Answer 2

Higher mental processes

Question 3

Idea that people vary in their ability levels across different domains of intellectual skill

Answer 3

Multiple intelligences

Question 4

The ability to grasp deep philosophical ideas, like the meaning of life

Answer 4

existential intelligence

Question 5

What are the three intelligence types of the Triarchic model?

Answer 5

Analytical intelligence, Practical intelligence, Creative intelligence

Question 6

The ability to reason logically; book smarts

Answer 6

analytical intelligence

Question 7

Aka Tacit intelligence; the ability to solve real world problems, especially those involving other people. Street smarts.

Answer 7

Practical intelligence

Question 8

Creativity; our ability to come up with novel and effective answers to questions.

Answer 8

Creative intelligence

Question 9

Phenomenon in which idiots think they are smarter than they actually are.

Answer 9

Double curse of incompetence

Question 10

Knowledge of our own knowledge.

Answer 10

Metacognition.

Question 11

How is IQ calculated?

Answer 11

Divide mental age by chronological age and multiply the result by 100

Question 12

The ability to focus on difficult problems for long periods of time.

Answer 12

Mental energy

Question 13

The ability to understand health-related information, such as instructions from doctors or on drug labels.

Answer 13

Health literacy

Question 14

Implies that above a certain level of IQ, intelligence is no longer predictive of important real-world accomplishments.

Answer 14

Threshold effect

Question 15

The tendency of individuals with similar genes to have children.

Answer 15

Assortative mating

Question 16

_________ _________ tends to explain the incredible low points of the IQ distribution

Answer 16

Assortative mating

Question 17

Many advocate for the addition of _______ to the criteria for intellectual disability

Answer 17

gullibility

Question 18

Allow us to examine the extent to which a trait runs or goes together in intact families.

Answer 18

Family studies

Question 19

Family studies do not allow us to distinguish the effects of ______ from those of the environment.

Answer 19

genes

Question 20

Believed that intelligence was related to sensory ability.

Answer 20

Galton

Question 21

What does intelligence consist of?

Answer 21

Ability to reason abstractly
Learn to adapt to novel environmental circumstances
Acquire knowledge
Benefit from experience

Question 22

_______ forms of intellectual disability tend to be inhereted, _____ forms do not.

Answer 22

mild, severe

Question 23

IQ is greatly influenced by ______ factors. However, at high levels of _______ deprivation, the effects of _______ on intelligence may largely swamp out the effects of ______.

Answer 23

genetic
environmental, environment
genes

Question 24

Adoption agencies often place children in homes similar to those of the biological parents.
Confound for adoptive studies.

Answer 24

Selective placement

Question 25

Lines of evidence suggest that ______ exerts a causal influence on IQ.

Answer 25

schooling

Question 26

What are explanations for the Flynn effect?

Answer 26

Increased test sophistication
Increased complexity of the modern world
Better nutrition
Changes at home and school