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Pharm Midterm 2 > Penicillins > Flashcards

Penicillins Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Beta Lactams

A

Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams

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2
Q

How do Penicillins work

A

Bactericidal

Bind PBPs inhibiting cell wall synthesis

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3
Q

What does PCN activate

A

Autolysin

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4
Q

Where do Penicillins not work

A

Prostate
Eye
Brain (except meningitis)

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5
Q

Where are Penicillins excreted

A

Kidney

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6
Q

Where is Naficillin excreted

A

Bile

Use for renal insufficiency

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7
Q

What is excreted in renal and bile

A

Oxacillin

Dicloxacillin

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8
Q

What can be given synergistically with PCN

A

Aminoglycoside

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9
Q

What is DOC for empiric infective endocarditis

A

PCN G + Gentamycin

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10
Q

Is there cross allergy reactivity between beta lactams

A

Yes

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11
Q

Which PCN can cause interstitial nephritis

A

Methicilin

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12
Q

What is seen in interstitial nephritis

A

Oliguria
Fever, rash
EOS in urine

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13
Q

Which PCN can cause pseudomembranous colitis

A

Ampicillin

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14
Q

How do penicillins cause a maculopapular rash

A

Ampicillin/Amoxicillin for viral infection

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15
Q

Which PCN can cause elevated BT

A

Ticarcillin

Inhibits platelet function

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16
Q

Which PCN can cause neutropenia

A

Nafcillin

17
Q

Which PCN can cause hepatitis

A

Oxacillin

18
Q

What are the 4 mechanisms of PCN resistance

A

Inactivated by Beta-lactamase
Modified PBPs
Impaired penetration
Increased efflux

19
Q

What resistance mechanism does MRSA/ORSA have

A

Altered PBPs

20
Q

What are the “Natural” Penicillins

A

Penicillin G
Penicillin G benzathine
Penicillin G procaine

21
Q

DOC strep throat

A

Penicillin V

22
Q

DOC P. Aeruginosa

A

Ticarcillin
Carbenicillin
Piperacillin

23
Q

What does Penicillin G act on

A 
Gram+ Except staph
Gram- cocci
Anaerobes
Strep
Pneumococci
24
Q

DOC Syphillis

A

Penicillin G

25
Q

Which PCN is susceptible to beta lactamase

A

G
V
TCP
Amox/Ampi

26
Q

Amox/Ampi URTs

A

H. influenza

S. pneumoniae

27
Q

Amox/Ampi UTIs

A

E. coli

28
Q

Amox/Ampi misc enterococci

A

P. mirabilis
Salmonella
Shigella

29
Q

Which PCN Gs are IM

A

Benzathine

Procaine

30
Q

Which Penicillin has highest f

A

Amoxicillin

31
Q

Are Amox/Ampi ok in pregnancy

A

Yes

32
Q

When is Amoxicillin given

A

Endocarditis prophylaxis in dental/resp procedures

33
Q

What do you give for Listeria and enterococci

A

Ampicillin with aminoglycoside

34
Q

Which PCN is never used clinically

A

Methicillin (causes AIN)

35
Q

DOC Staph endocarditis w/o prosthetic valve

A

Methicillin
Nafcillin
Oxacillin
Dicloxacillin

36
Q

What is the infection most likely with prosthetic valve

A

S. viridans

37
Q

Amox/Ampi spectrum

A

Extended

38
Q

What are the beta-lactamase inhibitors

A

Clavulanic acid
Sulbactam
Tazobactam

Pharm Midterm 2 (52 decks)

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