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Pharm Midterm 2 > Herpes Antivirals > Flashcards

Herpes Antivirals Flashcards

1
Q

What class are Herpes antivirals

A

Pur/Pyr analogs

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2
Q

What are the Herpes antivirals

A 
Acyclovir
Ganciclovir
Penciclovir
Famciclovir
Cidofovir
Vidarabine
Trifluridine
Foscarnet
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3
Q

DOC HSV encephalitis

A

Acyclovir

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4
Q

DOC retinitis and prophylaxis

A

Gancyclovir

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5
Q

Immunocompromised with Keratitis, Keratoconjunctivitis

A

Vidarabine

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6
Q

DOC HSV Keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis

A

Trifluridine

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7
Q

CMV retinitis in immunocompromised

A

Foscarnet

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8
Q

How does Acyclovir work

A

Competes with dGTP
Chain termination
Inhibit viral DNAP

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9
Q

What does Acyclovir work on

A

HSV1, 2
VSV
EBV

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10
Q

Which form of Acyclovir has the highest f

A

Valacyclovir

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11
Q

When does Acyclovir accumulate

A

Renal failure

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12
Q

How do you prevent ARF with IV Acyclovir

A

Slow infusion and hydration

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13
Q

What is resistant to Acyclovir

A

CMV

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14
Q

When is Gancyclovir active

A

Post phosphorylation by VIRAL kinases

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15
Q

Gancyclovir AE

A

Myelosuppression

Neutropenia

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16
Q

Gancyclovir contraindication

A

Pregnancy

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17
Q

How is Gancyclovir resistance conferred

A

Decreased phosphorylation

18
Q

What works via DNAP inhibition and DNA chain termination

A

Gancyclovir
Cidofovir
Penciclovir
Famciclovir

19
Q

When is Cidofovir active

A

Post phosphorylation by HOST kinases

20
Q

When do you give Cidofovir

A

CMV retinitis

Gancyclovir resistant HSV

21
Q

Why do you give Probenecid with Cidofovir

A

Block renal secretion

22
Q

Cidofovir AE

A

Nephrotoxic

23
Q

How is Cidofovir Resistance conferred

A

DNAP mutation

24
Q

What is Penciclovir for

A

Cold sores

25
Q

What is Famciclovir for

A

Acute zoster

Genital herpes in immunocompromised

26
Q

Needs 3 phosphorylations to be active

A

Acyclovir

27
Q

Needs 1 phosphorylation by thymidine kinase

A

Penciclovir

Famciclovir

28
Q

What is the relationship between Penciclovir

and Famciclovir

A

Fam is prodrug

29
Q

Fam/Penciclovir AE

A

HA
Nausea
Diarrhea

30
Q

How does Vidarabine act

A

Triphosphate form inhibits DNA synth

31
Q

What do you give Vidarabine for

A

HSV
CMV
VZV

32
Q

Vidarabine AE

A

Superficial punctate keratitis
Pain
Photophobia

33
Q

Acyclovir resistant HSV, CMV

A

Foscarnet

34
Q

Gancyclovir resistant CMV, VZV

A

Foscarnet

35
Q

How does Trifluridane work

A

Triphosphate form incorporates into DNA causing fragmentation

36
Q

Opthalmic ointments

A

Vidarabine

Trifluridine

37
Q

Trifluridine AE

A

Irritation

Palpebral edema

38
Q

Foscarnet AE

A

Nephrotoxic
Electrolyte disturbances
Anemia
CNS

39
Q

How is Foscarnet resistance conferred

A

Point mut in polymerase

40
Q

Does Foscarnet require phosphorylation

A

NO

41
Q

What is Foscarnet an analog of

A

Pyrophosphate

42
Q

What does Foscarnet do

A

Inhibit binding in viral DNAP

Pharm Midterm 2 (52 decks)

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