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Pharm Midterm 2 > NRTIs > Flashcards

NRTIs Flashcards

1
Q

When is HIV treatment initiated

A

CD4 < 500

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2
Q

When should HIV treatment be initiated immediately

A

Pregnant
Neuropathy
HBV
AIDS defining illness

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3
Q

What is the structure of NRTIs

A

Native ribonucleosides w/o 3’ OH

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4
Q

How do NRTIs act

A

Phosphorylated by cellular enzymes
RT incorporates into DNA
Chain termination

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5
Q

Most common site of mutation conferring resistance

A

Codon 184

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6
Q

What happens when pts become resistant to lamivudine

A

Become susceptible to Zidovudine and Tenofovir

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7
Q

Which NRTI increases didanosine levels

A

Tenofovir

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8
Q

What happens if NRTI inhibits Mito DNAP-gamma

A

Peripheral neuropathy
Myopathy
Lipoatrophy
Lactic acidosis

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9
Q

Which NRTIs inhibit a lot of Mito DNAP-gamma

A

Didanosine

Stavudine

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10
Q

Which NRTI is great at causing Myelosupression

A

Zidovudine

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11
Q

What are the other general NRTI AE

A

Pancreatitis
Cardiomyopathy
Liver tox

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12
Q

What are the Thymidine analogs

A

Stavudine

Zidovudine

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13
Q

What are the Adenosine analogs

A

Didanosine

Tenofovir

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14
Q

What are the Cytosine analogs

A

Lamivudine

Emtricitabine

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15
Q

What is the Guanosine analog

A

Abacavir

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16
Q

Can cause hyperlipidemia and NM weakness

A

Stavudine

17
Q

Decrease dose in Renal insufficiency

A

Stavudine

18
Q

Acid labile so take fasting or with antacid

A

Didanosine

19
Q

Can cross BBB

A

Didanosine

Zidovudine

20
Q

Pancreatitis in alcoholics or pt with hypertriglyceridemia

A

Didanosine

21
Q

Can have CNS effects, diarrhea and liver failure

A

Didanosine

22
Q

Preferred NRTI

A

Tenofovir

Emtricitabine

23
Q

Current HIV regimen

A

Tenofovir

Emtricitabine +/- Efavirenz

24
Q

Take with food to increase f

A

Tenofovir

25
Q

Tenofovir AE

A

N/V/D

Flatulence

26
Q

Tenofovir drug interactions

A

Increase Didanosine

Decrease Atazanavir

27
Q

Adjust dose in people with cirrhosis

A

Zidovudine

28
Q

How is Zidovudine toxicity potentiated

A 
Probenecid
Acetaminophen
Lorazepam
Indomethacin
Cimetidine
29
Q

Has NO effect on Mito DNA synth or BM

A

Lamivudine

30
Q

Lamivudine AE

A

HA

Dry mouth

31
Q

Emtricitabine AE

A

Hyperpigmentation of palms and soles

32
Q

Abacavir AE

A

HS (never challenge)
GI distress
HA, dizziness

Pharm Midterm 2 (52 decks)

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