P28 - Hepatobiliary and Exocrine Pancreas Part 2 Flashcards
passive congestion occurs due to
- right-sided heart failure produces elevated pressure in caudal vena cava
- congestion -> hypoxia -> centrilobular degeneration, atrophy and loss of hepatocytes
nutmeg liver is a sign of
- passive congestion
grossly, passive congestion results in what type of liver
- enlarged with rounded edges
congenital portosystemic shunt (PSS) is abnormal what
- vascular structure that allows portal blood to bypass liver and drain directly into systemic circulation
animals affected with congenital portosystemic shunt (PSS) will have what
- stunted growth and frequently develop sings of hepatic encephalopathy
- seizures, star gazing, head pressing, dullness
gross appearance of congenital portosystemic shunt liver
- small (microhepatica)
histological appearance of congenital portosystemic shunt in liver
- lobular atrophy, portal miniaturization with small or absent portal veins
- reduplication of arterioles
what type of crystaluria is common in congenital portosystemic shunt
- ammonium biurate crystalluria
intrahepatic shunts common in
- large breed dogs
extrahepatic shunts common in
- small breed dogs and cats
congenital portal vein hypoplasia also known as
- hepatic microvascular dysplasia
congenital portal vein hypoplasia common anomaly of
- dogs and occasionally cats
- suspected inheritance in small breed dogs (yorkie, maltese, cairn terriers, tibetan spanials, shih-tzues, havanese)
histological features of liver affected by congenital portal vein hypoplasia is indistinguishable from
- PSS (congenital portosystemic shunt)
liver appearance if suffering from congenital portal vein hypoplasia
- micorpheptacia and ascites
portal hypertension can occur with what
- thrombosis or other types of occlusion within portal vein or hepatic outflow
presistent portal hypertension can lead to
- ascites and to development of acquired portosystemic shunts
hepatocellular accumulations of lipid can occur with (5)
- excessive dietary intake of fats or carbohydrates
- increased mobilization of body fat
- hypoxia or mitochondrial damage
- increased glucose and insulin
- impaired secretion of lipoprotein
gross lesions of hepatocellular accumulation of lipids
- diffusely swollen, yellowish, and greasy texture
- will float in formalin
feline hepatic lipidosis occurs in
- obese cats after period of anorexia
bovine fatty liver disease occurs when
- in dairy cows in late gestation or peak lactation
- especially after any period of inappetence or anorexia
hepatic lipidosis of equids occurs in
- overweight, pregnant or lactating mares after a period of stress or anorexia
glucose is normally stored within ____ as _____ and is present in large amounts after feeding
- hepatocytes
- glycogen
glycogneosis occurs with what types of metabolic disturbances that affect glucose regulation (2)
- diabetes mellitus
- glycogen storage disease
inherited or familial amyloidosis is reported in
- Shar-Pei dogs
- Abyssinian and Siameses cats
gross appearance of hepatic amyloidosis
- glossly
- enlarged with rounded edges
- friable and pale
histologic appearance of hepatic amyloidosis
- amyloid disposition within space of Disse, portal tracts and within and around blood vessels
copper accumulation leads to
- production of reactive oxygen species that cause oxidative injury to mitochondria and cellular membranes
cooper storage is poorly regulated in what species
- sheep
chronic copper accumulation in liver can lead to release of copper into the blood resulting in what
- hemolysis
disorders of copper metabolism is common in what breed of dogs
- Bedlington terriers
- labs
copper toxicosis occurs with (3)
- dietary excess
- pasture contamination
- metabolic disorders of copper metabolism (bedlington terriers)
iron storage disease is known as
- hemochromatosis
- occurs mainly in birds
bile accumulates in liver during ___ disease
- cholesteric
lysosomal storage disease usually affects what age group of animals
- young
