P10 - Inflammation Part 5

Question 1

information included in morphological diagnosis (6)

Answer 1

• severity
• duration
• distribution
• exudate
• tissue
• nature of lesion

Question 2

severity classifications (3)

Answer 2

• mild
• moderate
• severe

Question 3

duration classifications (4)

Answer 3

• peracute
• acute
• subacute
• chronic

Question 4

distribution classifications (4)

Answer 4

• focal
• multifocal
• locally extensive
• diffuse

Question 5

on little area is affected

Answer 5

• focal

Question 6

multiple areas all over are affected

Answer 6

• multifocal

Question 7

lesions are contained to a portion

Answer 7

• locally extensive

Question 8

when everything is involved in the lesion

Answer 8

• diffuse

Question 9

types of exudate

Answer 9

• serous
• serohemorrhagic
• catarrhal/mucoid
• fibrinous
• purulent
• granulomatous
• lymphoplasmaytic

Question 10

beneficial effects of inflammation (3)

Answer 10

• fluid
• cells
• chemical mediators

Question 11

benefits of fluid in inflammation (3)

Answer 11

• dilutes toxic effects
• brings in nutrients and oxygen
• acts as medium

Question 12

benefits of cells in inflammation (3)

Answer 12

• phagocytosis
• secrete lytic factors, Ab, opsonins
• secrete interleukin, chemokines and pro-inflammatory mediators

Question 13

benefits of chemical mediators in inflammation (3)

Answer 13

• triggers redundant process to promote and limit inflammation
• fibrinogen converted to fibrin to localize inflammation
• complement neutralizes pathogens

Question 14

systemic effects of inflammation (2)

Answer 14

• leukocytosis

- fever

Question 15

harmful effects of inflammation (3)

Answer 15

• normal cells and tissues can be destroyed
• hematologic effects
• hypersensitivity disease

Question 16

normal cells and tissues can be destroyed because of inflammation by

Answer 16

• enzymes (proteases, esterases, nucleases)

- reactive oxygen metabolites

Question 17

hematologic effects because of inflammation

Answer 17

• disseminated intravascular coagulopathy

- thrombosis and severe swelling of tissue -> ischemia

Question 18

categories of hypersensitivities (4)

Answer 18

• Type I - IgE
• Type II - cytotoxic antibodies
• Type III - antibody/antigen complexes
• Type IV - cytotoxic cell-mediated

Question 19

Name the hypersensitivity:

• environmental and food antigens cause immediate and sometimes persistent release of inflammatory mediators
• patient has to be sensitized to agent first

Answer 19

• Type I - IgE mediated

Question 20

Name the hypersensitivity:

• antibodies are formed antigens on body’s own cell or tissues which results in complement and cellular responses
• immune mediated thrombocytopenia or hemolytica

Answer 20

• Type II - cytotoxic antibodies

Question 21

name the hypersensitivity:

• excessive formation fo antigen-antibody complexes and other factors
• within blood stream -> get lodged into places that they shouldn’t

Answer 21

• Type III - antibody-antigen complexes

Question 22

name the hypersensitivity:
- cytotoxic T-lymphocytes hypersensitized to a specific antigen resulting in cell lysis, cytokine release and tissue destruction

Answer 22

• Type IV - cytotoxic cell-mediated