NEUR533 - WK 7 Attention & Consciousness Flashcards
Learning outcomes
What areas are ACTIVE in the resting state THAT TOGETHER FORM THE DEFAULT NETWORK ?
- Medial PFC
- Posterior cingulate cortex
- Posterior parietal cortex
- Hippocampus
_ lateral temporal
RED LINE: MEDIAL PFC
YELLOW LINE: POSTERIOR CINGULATE
What are the 2 hypothesis of the functions of the DMN?
- The sentinel hypothesis
- The internal mentation hypothesis
What does the sentinel hypothesis relate to ?
Broadly monitoring the environment
What does the internal mentation hypothesis relate to?
- Supports thinking/remembering - like daydreaming
- Imaging - state like remembering
- Retinotopic map
- Processed in diff regions in V1
- Response before the visual stimulus
- Increase in brain sensitivity to the areas
- Attention is shifting to what stimulus is where
What does area Medial temporal (MT) of visual system do?
Speed of motion
What is V4 associated with?
Colour and shape
Ventral stream
The parietal lobe allows for an attentional shift prior to a ‘circaid’ of movement is made… T/F
True
- Effect of attention in visual cortex of area V4
- Colour sensitive neurons within V4
- Attention to red is a higher stimulus or long wavelength
What are key brain circuits involved in the control of attention?
- Cortical/subcortical areas
- Pulvinar nucleus
What is the pulvinar nucleus a part of?
- Diencephalon
What does the pulvinar nucleus particularly associate with?
- attention and awareness
- visual information flow
What is the cortical area in the frontal lobe that coordinates eye movements?
The frontal eye fields (FEF)
What is the FEF involved in directing and stimulating?
Attention
Enhances visual performance
Mimics physiological and behavioural effects of attention
Directing attention with salience and priority maps = these 2 hypothesis.
BOTTOM-UP ATTENTION
- Contrast of things we are looking at
- Something that is going to grab our attention
TOP-DOWN ATTENTIONAL MODULATION
- priority maps
- show where attention should be directed
- based on stimulus salience and cognitive input
What is the priority map in the parietal lobe?
Lateral intraparietal cortex (Area LIP)
ATTENTION AREA OF THE CORTEX
- Based on bottom-up and top-down inputs
- Guides eye movements and attention
Hemispatial neglect syndrome
How does Bottom-up attention generate input to the parietal lobe LIP?
From visual areas in the occipital lobe
What does the Bottom-up attention contruct?
Construction of a salience ma
- Enhanced visual processing
- Eyes may move
What does the Top-down attention effect first?
Frontal and partial areas
- Priority map in LIP and FEF
- Visual processing is enhances
- eyes may move
- Black arrows: bottom-up
- Red arrows: Top-down
What is the materialist perspective in consciousness?
- Consciousness arises from pysical processes
- Based on structure and function of NS
What is the alternative (dualistic) perspective of consciousness?
- Mind and body area different things
- One cannot be fuly explained by the other
- Religious/spiritual approach
Summary
What does the resting state activites likely include?
Monitoring environment and day dreaming
