NEUR533 - Wiring the Brain Flashcards
Learning outcomes
Review lateral geniculate nucleus and ocular integration - 12 layers from neurobiology and neuroanatomy
Wiring of the brain neuroanatomy and neurobiology - KNOW AND REMEMBER
NEUROGENESIS - radial glial cells
What cells give rise to neurons in astrocytes (neurogenesis cell proliferation) in the cerebral cortex?
Radial glial cells
What are the 2 proteins for transcription factors and cleavage plane during cell division to determine fate of daughter cells, in radial glial cells?
Notch-1 & numb
REVIEW CELL MIGRATION PROCESSES
What direction do pyramidal cells and astrocytes migrate from the ventricular zone?
Vertically
What type of fibres do pyramidal cells and astrocytes utilise to migrate from the ventricular zone?
Thin radial glial fibers
What direction do inhibitory interneurons (e.g. GABAergic neurons)and oligodendroglia move for cell migration?
Laterally/horizontal
What is the first layer cells migrate to take up residence?
Subplate layer - eventually disappears
Where do the next cells go to divide migrate to? (2nd stage)
The cortical plate
The first cells to migrate and arrive at the matrix become what layer?
Layer VI (bottom layer)
Followed by V, IV, III and so on e.g. “inside out”
Review cell differentiation process
Differentiation of cortical areas
What are the 3 phases of pathway formation?
Pathway selection
Target selection
Address selection
What information is processed in he medial geniculate nucleus?
Auditory signals
What info is processed in the lateral geniculate nucleus?
Visual stimuli
What is a growth cone?
The growing tip of a neurite
What are the 2 ‘feelers’ of neuronal tip growth and pathway formation?
Lamillipodia
Filopodia
What are the 2 core molecules that are interacting within the Folopodia extracellular matrix? (neurites)
Laminin and integrin molecules