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Brain Anatomy > NEUR531 - Somatosensory Sensations > Flashcards

NEUR531 - Somatosensory Sensations Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the different types of mechanoreceptors and the
type of touch information each is tuned to detect.

A

LEARN THESE

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2
Q

Describe the receptive fields and adaptation rates of the
different mechanoreceptors.

A
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3
Q

Describe the different mechanical forces that lead to
changes in ionic current in mechanosensitive ion channels.

A
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4
Q

Give a detailed account of the process by which peripheral
chemical mediators lead to sensitisation of nociceptors

A
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5
Q

Describe the difference between fast (first) and slow (secondary) pain.

A
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6
Q

Explain how thermoreceptors adapt in response to hot
and cold stimuli

A
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7
Q

Describe the mechanism of how lateral inhibition of the
somatic sensory system leads to contrast enhancement

A
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8
Q

What is somatic sensation?

A
  • Enables the body to feel, ache, sense pressure and temperature
  • TOuch and pain
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9
Q

What receptors are touch associated with?

A

mechanoreceptors

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10
Q

What are the predominant receptors within the somatosensory system?

A

Mechanoreceptors

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11
Q

What’s the pacinian corpuscle associated with?

A
  • Dermal layer
  • Pressure
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12
Q

What do ruffinis ending associate with?

A

Stretch of the skin

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13
Q

what are Meissner’s corpuscles associated with?

A
  • Finger tips
  • Fine touch receptors
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14
Q

What are * Merkel’s disks associated with?

A
  • Small receptor field
  • Highly sensitive
  • Lips/fingertips
  • Superficial
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15
Q

Adaptation of pacinian corpuscles

A

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16
Q

Do mechanoreceptors have unmyelinated or myelinated axon terminals?

A

unmyelinated

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17
Q

What primary AFFERENT FIBERS/AXONS mediate pain, temperature and itch?

A

C axons
Free nerve endings

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18
Q

What primary afferent axons mediate TOUCH sensations?

A

A beta
Fastest
Myelinated

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19
Q

Learn the primary afferent axons

20
Q

wwat are 3 types of receptors that can cause pain?

A
  • Chemical
  • Thermal
  • Mechanical
21
Q

wwat are 3 types of receptors that can cause pain?

A
  • Chemical
  • Thermal
  • Mechanical
22
Q

Is fast/first pain myelinated or unmyelinated?

A

Myelinated

23
Q

What fibers does first pain use?

24
Q

Is second pain using myelinated or unmyelinated fibers?

A

Unmyelinated

25
what fibers do second pain use?
C fibers
26
LEARN THIS FOR EXAM
27
What pain sensation are associated with fast nociceptor pathway?
- Sharp - Pricking pain - Mechanical and thermal nociceptors
28
What fibres does fast pain travel ?
A delta fibers
29
Where do the fast pain A delta fibers travel to in the spinal cord?
SUPERFICIAL dorsal horn
30
What does fast nociceptor pain produce in the brain?
Well-localised painful stimuli
31
What neurotransmitter does fast pain use for transmission?
Glutamate
32
What types of sensation does the slow nocipceptor pathway produce?
Dull Burning Aching
33
What fibers does the slow nociceptor of pain travel?
C fibers
34
Where does the SLOW nociceptor pathway travel to the spinal cord?
DEEPER dorsal horn
35
What type of pain does SLOW pathway produce in the brain?
- Poorly localised - Distressing
36
Where in the BRAIN does SLOW nociceptor pathway go?
- Reticular formation - Increased alertness/arousal
37
Where in the brain does FAST nociceptor pathway go?
- Somatosensory cortex - Highly localised sensations
38
PAIN AFFERENT REGULATION FALLS UNDER WHAT THEORY?
- Melzack and wall theory - When you first hurt yourself - Gate control theory
39
Pain regulation pathway
40
What is the endogenous neurotransmitter to inhibit pain?
Enkephalins
41
What interneurons does the higher brain activate to modulate pain?
Enkephalin-containing interneurons
42
What neurons STIMULATE enkephalin-containing interneurons?
5-HT sertonergic neurons
43
What is the most pain inducing thermoreceptor?
TRPV2 Hot receptor
44
DRAW THESE PATHWAYS OUT
- Variations in spinal cord injuries
45
Review the somatosensory areas of the cortex
46
47
The somatosensory system is at least how many senses?
4

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