NEUR532 - The Diencephalon Flashcards
Identify and describe the anatomical land marks and features of the 3rd ventricle
Identify and describe the major regions of the thalamus, subthamalus, epithalamus, hypothalamus
What are the major anatomical regions that comprise the Diencephalon?
Identify and describe the anatomical land marks and features of the 3rd ventricle
Ientify the major divisions of the pituitary gland
Identify the hormones of the anterior and posterior pituitary glands
Undertstand the function of the pituitary hormones
What are the 2 major subdivisions of the forebrain?
- Telencepalon
- diencephalon
What is the diencephalon divided symmetrically by?
Third ventricle
What is the diencephalon divided symmetrically by?
Third ventricle
What is the junction of the midbrain and diencephalon represented by?
Line that passes through the posterior commissure
What is the boundary between the diencephalon and the telencephalon represented by?
A line that traversess the interventricular foramen (foramen of monro) and the optic chiasma.
What is the adhesion or massa that bridges grey matter, joining the left and right thalami?
- Inter-thalamic adhesion
- Massa intermedia
What is the bundle of nerve fibers called that forms a prominent ridge along the junction of the medial and dosal diencephalon surfaces?
- Stria medullaris thalami
What is suspended from the roof of the third ventricle?
- Choroid plexus
What are the 4 major components of the diencephalon?
- Thalamus
- Subthalamus
- Epithalamus
- Hypothalamus
What is the largest component of the diencephalon?
Thalamus
The thalamic nuclei receive input from all sensory pathways EXCEPT.. WHAT?
Smell
What is the general shape of the thalamus?
egg shape
What is the narrow end of the thalamus called?
Anterior tubercle/nuclei
What does the anterior tubercle form?
Interventricular foramen
What is the wide posterior end of the thalamus called?
The pulvinars
What is the name of the thin laminae of white matter on the dorsal surface of the thalamus?
The stratum zonale
What is the name of the thin laminae of white matter on the dorsal surface of the thalamus?
The stratum zonale
What outlines the thalamus laterally?
The external medullary lamina
What divides the thalamus into groups of nuclei?
The internal medullary lamina
What is every thalamocortical projection reciprocally copied by?
Corticothalamic connection
The thalamocortical and corticothalamic
axons give collateral branches to
neurons in the…. what?
reticular nucleus
Where do thalamocortical axons originate?
Thalamocortical axons originate in the thalamus and project to the cerebral cortex
Where do corticothalamic axons originate?
Corticothalamic axons originate in the cortex and project to the thalamus
Are thalamic interneurons inhibitory or excitatory?
Inhibitory
What neurotransmitters do thalamic interneurons release?
gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
- Glycine
What is the excitatory neurotransmitter within the thalamus?
Glutamate
Is the reticular nucleus connected with the reticular formation of the brain stem?
No
What is the reticular nucleus of the thalamus?
is a thin layer of cells located on the surface of the thalamus
What does the reticular nucleus do?
It receives excitatory corticothalamic and
thalamocortical fibers.