NEUR531 - BRAIN CONTROL OF MOVEMENT Flashcards
Describe the origin and function of the lateral pathways, and the
effects of lesions.
Describe the origin and function of the ventromedial pathways
List all the areas of the cerebral cortex that are directly involved in
the planning and execution of a voluntary movement
Discuss the role of the posterior parietal, prefrontal and premotor
areas in the planning of a movement
Describe the basic anatomy of the basal ganglia, including major
inputs and outputs.
Describe the major symptoms of basal ganglia disease,
and discuss the
implications for function of the basal ganglia in motor control.
Describe the major inputs and outputs of the primary motor cortex
discuss the role of population coding in the primary motor area in
the execution of motor tasks.
Describe the motor loop through the cerebellum
discuss the role
of this feedback loop in the planning and execution of voluntary
movement
Overview of motor system
-
Axons from brain descend along two major pathways, WHAT ARE THEY?
– Lateral pathways
– Ventromedial pathways
What are the 2 tracts involved in LATERAL PATHWAYS?
- Corticospinal tract
- Rubrospinal tract (INTERNEURONS)
What are the 4 tracts of the VENTROMEDIAL pathways?
- Tectospinal
- Vestibulospinal
- Pontine reticulospinal
- Medullary reticulospinal
The lateral pathway
DRAW THIS OUT
WHAT ARE Four descending tracts from brainstem
- vestibulospinal tract
- tectospinal tract
- pontine reticulospinal tract
- medullary reticulospinal tract
What do the 4 descending tracts from the spinal call synapse onto?
Spinal cord interneurons
What does the vestibulospinal tract control?
controls
posture of head and neck (cervical)
What is the Tectospinal tract associated with controlling?
orientation of head
and eyes in relation to visual stimuli
does the Pontine reticulospinal tract ENHANCE OR REDUCE antigravity reflexes
helping to maintain standing posture?
ENHANCES
Does the Medullary reticulospinal tract REDUCE OR ENHANCE reflex control of
antigravity muscles
REDUCES
(releases)
RETICULOSPINAL TRACTS
SUMMARY OF MAJOR DESCENDING TRACTS
Is the RED NUCLEUS associated wih the lateral or ventromedial pathways?
LATERAL PATHWAYS
Is the lateral or ventromedial pathway involved with the reticular nuclei, superior colliculus and vestibulat nuclei?
VENTROMEDIAL PATHWAYS
V = V
- SMA: Supplemetary motor neurons
- PMA: Pre motor area
- S1 = Primary sensory
- M1 = Motorsensory cortex
What is brodman area 4?
primary motor cortex (MI)
What is brodman area 6?
= premotor area (PMA) and
supplementary motor area (SMA)
What is brodman area 8?
frontal eye field
What is brodman areas 24 & 32?
cingulate cortex
