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Brain Anatomy > NEUR532 - The Cerebellum > Flashcards

NEUR532 - The Cerebellum Flashcards

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1
Q

Who came up with the name cerebellum?

A

Galen

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2
Q

What are the 3 lobes of the cerebellar cortex?

A

Molecular layer
- Purkinje Layer
- Granule cells

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3
Q

What are the 3 cerebellar cortical layers and cell types found in each region?

A
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4
Q

Describe the major efferent and afferent circuitry of the cerebellar cortex including the local circuitry

A
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5
Q

Define the 3 major functional subdivisions of the cerebellum including their anatomical location, afferent/efferent pathways and functions

A
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6
Q

What are the key associative functions of the cerebellum?

A
  • Motor area of the brain
  • Maintains muscle contractions
  • Muscle memory and learning
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7
Q

Pathways

A
  • LMN: lower motor neurons
  • BS: brainstem
  • SC: spinal cord
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8
Q

What are the 2 major anatomical divisions of the cerebellum?

A
  • Cerebellar cortex
  • Deep cerebellar nuclei
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9
Q

What are the 3 layers of the cerebellar cortex?

A
  • Pontocerebellum
  • Spinocerebellum
  • Vestibulocerebellum
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10
Q

What are the 3 nuclei within the deep cerebellar nuclei?

A
  • Dentate nucleus
  • Interposed nuclei
  • Fastigial nucleus
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11
Q

What are the 3 lobes within the cerebellum?

A
  • Flocculonodular
  • Anterior
  • Posterior
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12
Q

What does the vermis mean?

A

“The worm”

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13
Q

What is the folucculus lobe associated with?

A

Balance & Equilibrium

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14
Q

What does folia mean?

A
  • Highly folded surface
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15
Q

What are the 3 cortical layers of the cerebellar cortex?

A
  • Molecular
  • Purkinje cells
  • Granule cells
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16
Q

What do the purkinje cells do within the cerebellum?

A
  • They are the major output neurons of the cerebellar cortex
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17
Q

What do climbing fibres synapse onto?

A

A single Purkinje cell

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18
Q

What do the mossy fibres synapse onto?

A
  • Excitatory interneurons (granule cells)

then form parallel fibers

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18
Q

What do the mossy fibres synapse onto?

A
  • Excitatory interneurons (granule cells)

then form parallel fibers

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19
Q

Purkinje cells

A
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20
Q

Cerebellar cortex structure

A
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21
Q

Internal cerebellum circuitry

A
22
Q

What’s another name for deep cerebellum nucleus?

A

Central cerebellum nucleus

23
Q

What do basket cells do to purkinje cells?

A
  • Initiate inhibitory stimulation for negative feedback (disinhibition)
24
Q

What does the disinhibition of circuitry surround regulate?

A

Precision

25
Q

What fibres do all input come through?

A

Mossy fibres

26
Q

What layers do mossy fibre synapse with neurons to form glomeruli?

A

Granule cell layer

27
Q

What is the most lateral deep cerebellar nuclei?

A

Dentate nucleus (fine motor control)

28
Q

What 2 nuclei make up the interposed deep cerebellar nuclei?

A
  • Globose nucleus
  • Emboliform nucleus

(walking circuit)

29
Q

What does the fastigial nucleus regulate?

A

Balance and equilibrium

29
Q

What does the fastigial nucleus regulate?

A

Balance and equilibrium

30
Q
A
31
Q
A
32
Q

Whats another term for cerebrocerebellum ?

A

Pontocerebellum

33
Q

What area does the superior cerebellar peduncles get afferent inputs from?

A

Spinal cord
Colliculi

34
Q

What area does the middle cerebellar peduncles get afferent inputs from?

A

Pontine nuclei

35
Q

What area does the inferior cerebellar peduncles get afferent inputs from?

A
  • Inferior olive
  • Spinal cord
  • Vestibular nerve
36
Q

Where does the inferior cerebellar peduncles send efferent stimuli?

A
  • Vestibular nuclei
  • Reticular formation
37
Q

Where does the superior cerebellar peduncles sent efferent output to?

A
  • Upper motor neurons in sup. colliculus
  • Primary motor areas (Area 4)
  • Pre motor areas (area 6)

via ventral lateral thalamus

38
Q

Does the middle cerebellar peduncles have efferent output?

A

No

39
Q

Learn these!

A
40
Q
A
41
Q
A
42
Q
A
43
Q

What is the vestibulocerebellum associated with?

A
  • Occupies the flocculonodular lobe
  • Input from vestibular nuclei and organs
  • Influences motor activity via the spinal tracts
  • Maintenance of balance, co-ordination of the head & eye movements
44
Q

Vestibulocerebellum

A
  • Black outputs
  • Inputs: blue
45
Q

Learn the spinocerebellum

A
46
Q

What is the spinocerebellum associated with?

A
  • Walking
  • Posture regulation
47
Q

Study

A
48
Q
A
49
Q
A
50
Q
A
51
Q
A

Brain Anatomy (59 decks)

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