NEUR532 - The Cerebellum Flashcards
Who came up with the name cerebellum?
Galen
What are the 3 lobes of the cerebellar cortex?
Molecular layer
- Purkinje Layer
- Granule cells
What are the 3 cerebellar cortical layers and cell types found in each region?
Describe the major efferent and afferent circuitry of the cerebellar cortex including the local circuitry
Define the 3 major functional subdivisions of the cerebellum including their anatomical location, afferent/efferent pathways and functions
What are the key associative functions of the cerebellum?
- Motor area of the brain
- Maintains muscle contractions
- Muscle memory and learning
Pathways
- LMN: lower motor neurons
- BS: brainstem
- SC: spinal cord
What are the 2 major anatomical divisions of the cerebellum?
- Cerebellar cortex
- Deep cerebellar nuclei
What are the 3 layers of the cerebellar cortex?
- Pontocerebellum
- Spinocerebellum
- Vestibulocerebellum
What are the 3 nuclei within the deep cerebellar nuclei?
- Dentate nucleus
- Interposed nuclei
- Fastigial nucleus
What are the 3 lobes within the cerebellum?
- Flocculonodular
- Anterior
- Posterior
What does the vermis mean?
“The worm”
What is the folucculus lobe associated with?
Balance & Equilibrium
What does folia mean?
- Highly folded surface
What are the 3 cortical layers of the cerebellar cortex?
- Molecular
- Purkinje cells
- Granule cells
What do the purkinje cells do within the cerebellum?
- They are the major output neurons of the cerebellar cortex
What do climbing fibres synapse onto?
A single Purkinje cell
What do the mossy fibres synapse onto?
- Excitatory interneurons (granule cells)
then form parallel fibers
What do the mossy fibres synapse onto?
- Excitatory interneurons (granule cells)
then form parallel fibers
Purkinje cells
Cerebellar cortex structure
Internal cerebellum circuitry
What’s another name for deep cerebellum nucleus?
Central cerebellum nucleus
What do basket cells do to purkinje cells?
- Initiate inhibitory stimulation for negative feedback (disinhibition)
