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USMLE-Pathology-(Pathoma+ FA+UWorld) > Nephrotic Syndrome > Flashcards

Nephrotic Syndrome Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Characteristics of nephrotic syndrome ?

A
  1. Hypoalbuminemia-Pitting edema
  2. Hypogammaglobulinemia-Risk of infection
  3. Hypercoagulable state- AT-III LOSS
  4. Hyperlipidemia
  5. Hypercholesterolemia -fatty cast in urine

Pathoma-127

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2
Q

Association of MCD ?

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

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2
Q

Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children ?

A

Minimal change disease
MCD

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3
Q

Electron microscopy result of MCD ?

A

Effacement of foot processes

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3
Q

H & E stain result of MCD ?

A

Normal glomeruli
Maybe FAT in PCT

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4
Q

Immunofluorescence result of MCD ?

A

(-)
NO immune complex deposit

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5
Q

Tx of MCD ?

A

Steroids

PATHOMA-128

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6
Q

Manifestation of MCD ?

A

Selective proteinuria
dec protein
But not Ig

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7
Q

Focal
Segmental
Glomerulosclerosis
FSGS

A

Most common in African american and Hispanics

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8
Q

Association of FSGS ?

A
  1. HIV
  2. Heroin use
  3. Sickle cell D
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9
Q

H & E stain result of FSGS ?

A

Focal=Some glomeruli
Segmental =Only part of glomeruli

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10
Q

IF test of FSGS ?

A

NO immune complexs
(-)

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10
Q

Electron microscope result of FSGS ?

A

Effacment of foot processes

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11
Q

Tx of FSGS ?

A

Steroid poor response

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12
Q

Progression of FSGS ?

A

Chronic Renal F

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13
Q

Association of MN ?

A
  1. Hepatitis - B & C
  2. Solid tumor
  3. SLE
  4. NSAIDs
  5. Penicillamine
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13
Q

Membranous nephropathy ?

Common ?

A

Caucasian adults

14
Q

Tx & Progression of MN ?

A

Same as FSGS

15
Q

H & E result of MN ?

A

Thick glomerular basement membrane

16
Q

IF result of MN ?

A

(+)
Immune complex deposit

17
Q

H & E Stain result in Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis?

A

Thick glomerular basement membrane

17
Q

Histo of MN ?

A

Subepithelial deposits
Spike & Dome appearance on EM

18
Q

Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis ?—

Histo ?

A

Tram -track appearance

19
Q

IF result of MProGN?

A

+

20
Q

Types of MProGN ?

A
  1. Type-1=Subendothelial
  2. Type-2=Intramembranous
21
Q

Subendothelial MProGN association ?

A
  1. HBV
  2. HCV
22
Q

Dense deposit disease = Intramembranous MPROGN association ?

A

C3 nephritic factor

autoantibody that stabilize C3 convertases == over activity of complement , inflammation , low level of circulating C3

23
Q

Poor response to steroid which nephrotic syndromes ?

A
  1. FSGS
  2. MN
  3. MProGN
24
Q

Tram Track appearance in H & E ?

A

MProGN

25
Q

DM manifestation ?

A
  1. High serum level
  2. Non enzymatic glycosylation of the vascular BM
  3. Hyaline arteriosclerosis
26
Q

Tx of DM for Nephrotic syndrome ?

A

ACEi - Slow progression of Hyperfiltration induced damage

27
Q

Features of DM ?

A
  1. Efferent arteriole more damaged than afferent arteriole
    =HIGH GFR – GF pressure
28
Q

Hyperfiltration result in DM ?

A

Microalbuminuria

29
Q

Diabetic nephropathy which nodule ?

A

Kimmelstiel-Wilson Nodules

30
Q

Mesangium fate in Diabetic nephropathy ?????

A

Sclerosis

31
Q

Amyloid deposti in —————– resulting in nephrotic syndrome ?

A

Mesangium

31
Q

Stain for AMyloidosis ?

A

Congo red

31
Q

Systemic amyloidosis common organ ?

A

Kidney

32
Q

Polarized light stain result ?

A

Apple green bireFringence

33
Q

Kimmelstiel-Wilson Nodule Dx >?

A

Diabetic Nephropathy

USMLE-Pathology-(Pathoma+ FA+UWorld) (75 decks)

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