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USMLE-Pathology-(Pathoma+ FA+UWorld) > Endometrium & Myometrium Pathology > Flashcards

Endometrium & Myometrium Pathology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Endometrium ?

A

Mucosal lining of the uterine cavity

pathoma-141

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2
Q

Myometrium ?

A

Smooth muscle underlying the endomatrium

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3
Q

Endometrium is hormone sensitive ?

A
  1. Growth = Estrogen = Proliferative phase
  2. Preparation = Progesterone = Secretory phase
  3. Shedding = Loss of Progesterone = Menstrual phase
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4
Q

Secondary amenorrhea is called ?

A

Asherman syndrome

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4
Q

Asherman syndrome cause ?

A
  1. Loss of basalis
  2. Loss of scarring
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5
Q

Loss of ovulation is called —

A

Anovulatory cycle

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6
Q

Result of anovulatory phase ?

A

Estrogen driven proliferative phase
without progesterone driven secretrory phase (X)

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7
Q

Anovulatory cycle represents —-

A

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

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8
Q

Bacterial infection of the endometrium is called ?

A

Acute endometritis

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9
Q

Presentation of acute endometritis ?

A
  1. Fever
  2. Pelvic pain
  3. Abnormal uterine bleeding
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10
Q

Acute endometritis cause ?

A
  1. Retained products of conception
  2. After delivery or miscarriage
  3. Retained products acts as a nidus for infection
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11
Q

Chronic inflammation of the endometirum is called >?

A

Chronic endometirits

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12
Q

Presentation of chronic endometritis ?

A
  1. Abnormal uterine bleeding
  2. Infertility
  3. Pain
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13
Q

Characteristics of chronic endometritis ?

A
  1. Plasma cell’
  2. Lymphocytes
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14
Q

Dx of chronic endometrosis ?

A

Plasma cell

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15
Q

Causes of CE ?

A
  1. IUD
  2. TB
  3. Retained products of conception
  4. Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease
  5. Chlamydia
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16
Q

Hyperplastic protrusion of endometrium —

A

Endometrial polyp

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17
Q

Cause of which drug is E Polyp ?

A

Tamoxifen

18
Q

Presenattion of endometrial polyp ?

A

Abnormal uterine bleeding

19
Q

Tamoxifen drug >?

A

Anti estrogenic effects

20
Q

Endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine endometrial lining ?

A

Endometriosis

21
Q

Endometriosis presentation ?

A
  1. Dysmenorrhea - Pain + Menstruation
  2. Pelvic pain
  3. Infertility
22
Q

Endometriosis causes ?

A
  1. Retrograde menstruation
  2. Implantation at an ectopic site
23
Q

Most common site of endometriosis?

A

Ovary

24
Q

Implants in endometriosis presentation —

A

Gun powder nodules

24
Q

Ovary fate in endometriosis?

A

Chocolate cyst

25
Q

Endometriosis + Uterine myometrium =

A

Adenpmyosis

26
Q

Sites and Effects of endometriosis?

A
  1. Uterine ligament = Pelvic pain
  2. Pouch of douglas= Pain + Defecation
  3. Bladder = Pain + Urination
  4. Bowel serosa = Ab Pain + Adhesion
  5. Fallopian tube mucosa = Ectopic tubal pregnancy + Scarring

PATHOMA-142

27
Q

Hyperplasia of endometrial flands + Stroma =

A

Endometrial hyperplasia

28
Q

Casues of EH ?

A
  1. Obesity
  2. Tamoxifen
  3. Estrogen replacement
  4. Polycystic ovary syndrome
28
Q

Maliganant proliferation of endometrial glands ?

A

Endometrial cancer

28
Q

Pathways of endometrial canceer ????

A
  1. Hyperplasia pathway- 75%
  2. Sporadic pathway -25%
28
Q

Presentation of EH ??

A

Postmenopausal uterine bleeding

29
Q

Risk of Ca in EH ?

A

Single hyperplasia + Atypia

30
Q

Estrogen dependent pathway ?

A

Hyperplasia pathway

30
Q

Risk factor of hyperplasia E Ca ?

A
  1. Menarche
  2. Late menopause
  3. Nullipority
  4. Infertility
  5. Obesity
31
Q

Sporadic pathway Histo Presentation?

A
  1. Serous
  2. Papillary structure
  3. Psammoma bodies
  4. p53 Mutation
32
Q

Presentation of leiomyoma ?

A
  1. Abnormal uterine bleeding
  2. Pelvic mass
  3. Infertility
32
Q

Benign neoplastic proliferation of smooth muc=scle ?

A

Leiomyoma/Fibroids

33
Q

Common exposre ?

A
  1. Premenopausal women
  2. Often multiple
  3. Enlarge during preganancy
  4. Shrink after meenopasue
34
Q

Leiomyosarcoma gross -

A
  1. Single lesion
  2. Necrosis
  3. Hemorrhage
34
Q

Gross exam of fibroids ?

A
  1. Multiple
  2. Well defined
  3. White
  4. Whorled masses
  5. may dirtort the uterus
  6. Impinge on pelvic structures
35
Q

Maliganant proliferate of smooth muscle

A

Leiomyosarcoma

36
Q

Leiomyosarcoma histo ?

A
  1. Necrosis
  2. Mitotic activity
  3. Cellular atypia

Pathoma-144

USMLE-Pathology-(Pathoma+ FA+UWorld) (75 decks)

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