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USMLE-Pathology-(Pathoma+ FA+UWorld) > Cardiomyopathy > Flashcards

Cardiomyopathy Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

All 4 chambers of the heart dilation is called—

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

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2
Q

Dilated cardiomyopathy results in —-

A
  1. Systolic dysfunction
  2. Biventriculat CHF
  3. Mitral v regurgitation
  4. Tricuspid v regurgitation
  5. Arrhythmia
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2
Q

Massive hypertrophy of the LV ?

A

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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3
Q

Tx of dilated cardiomyopathy ?

A

Heart transplant

pathoma-83

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3
Q

Causes of dilated cardiomyopathy –

A
  1. Autosomal dominant
  2. Alchohol
  3. Drugs - Doxurubicin
  4. Late preganancy
  5. Hemochromatosis
  6. Myocarditis - Coxsackie A & B
  7. Chest pain , HF , Arrhythmia
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4
Q

Biopsy result of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy –

A

Myofiber hypertrophy + Disarray

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5
Q

Cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ?

A

Mutation - Sarcomere protein

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6
Q

Clinical features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ??

A
  1. dec Cardiac Output
  2. LV hypertrophy
  3. Sudden death - Veentricular arrhythmias
  4. Syncope with exercise
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7
Q

Subaortic hypertrophy of the ventricular septum results in —-

A

Aortic stenosis

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8
Q

EKG changes in Restrictive cardiomyopathy ?

A
  1. Low voltage EKG
  2. Diminished QRS complex
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9
Q

Causes of RC ?

A
  1. Amyloidosis
  2. Sarcoidosis
  3. Endocardial fibroelastosis
  4. Loeffler syndrome
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10
Q

dec Compliance of the ventricular endomyocardium that restricts filling during diastole ——————

A

Restricive cardiomyopathy

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11
Q

Loeffler syndorme meaning?

A

Endomyocardial fibrosis + Eosinophilic infiltrate + Eosinophilia

Pathoma-83

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12
Q

Which gene mutation in dilated Cardiomyopathy?

A

TTN gene in sacromeric protein titin

FA-315

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12
Q

Findings of dilated cardiomyopathy ?

A
  1. HF
  2. S3
  3. Systolic regurgitant murmur

fa-315

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12
Q

CXR findings of DC ?

A

Ballon appearance

fa-315

13
Q

Echocardiogram result of DC ?

A

Dilated heart

14
Q

Which type of hypertrophy in DC ?

A

Eccentric

fa-315

15
Q

Tx of DC ?

A
  1. Heart transplant
  2. Na+ restriction
  3. ACEi
  4. ARB
  5. Beta blocker
  6. Spironolactone
  7. ICD
  8. Diuretics
  9. Sacubitril
15
Q

Stress cardiomyopathy why ?

A

inc sympathetic stimulation

fa

16
Q

Stress cardiomyopathy other name ?

A
  1. Tokotsubo Cardiomyopathy
  2. Broken heart syndrome

fa-315

17
Q

Eccentric hypertrophy feature ?

A

LV RV enlarge
inc SV inc CO

FA

18
Q

Histo of HC ?

A

Sacromere in parallel
Concentric hypertrophy

18
Q

Mutation in Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ?

A

myosin binding protein C & beta myosin heavy chain

fa-315

19
Q

Tx of HC ??

A
  1. Beta blocker
  2. CCB-Verapamil
  3. ICD-if high risk

fa-315

20
Q

Which drug should be avoid in HC ?

A
  1. Diuretics
  2. Vasodilator

fa-315

21
Q

Hypertrophic obstructive Cardiomyopathy means—

A

LV outflow tract obstructed
=asymmetric septal hypertrophy
=systolic ant motion of mitral valve
=outflow obstruction
=dyspnea - syncope

fa-315

22
Q

Findings in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?

A
  1. S4
  2. Systolic murmur
23
Q

Restrictive C casue ?

A

PLEASe Help
P=Postradiation fibrosis
L=Loffler endocarditis
E=Endocardial fibroelastosis
A=Amyloidosis
S=Sarcoidosis
H=Hemochromatosis

fa-315

23
Q

Endocardial fibroelastosis in which Cardiomyopathy?

A

Restrictive C

24
Q

Other cause of Concentric LV Hypertrophy ?

A
  1. Chronic HTN
  2. Friedreich ataxia

fa-315

USMLE-Pathology-(Pathoma+ FA+UWorld) (75 decks)

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