mod 5: HF afib

Question 1

Baroreceptors

Answer 1

detect low CO, stimulate sns to release catecholamines

which have toxic effect to myocytes =^damage

Question 2

RAAS

Answer 2

angiotensin toxic to myocytes= sarcomere death, vCollagen=interstitial fibrosis
aldosterone contributes to fibrosis, autonomic dysfunction, dysrhythmias
aldosterone= water retention =^afterload

Question 3

inflammatory cytokines

Answer 3

endothelin =vasoconstriction=poor prognosis
tnf, ILeffe6=hypertrophy/remodeling
tnf=xNitric oxide, myocyte apoptosis

Question 4

prevent progression of HF, remodeling, ^systolic function

Answer 4

beta blocker-block catecholamines

ACEi-block raas

Question 5

effects of remodeling

Answer 5

vCa transport
abnormal fatty acid metabolism
^o2 consumption

Question 6

R.HF s/s

Answer 6

s3 gallop, pulm edema, rales, hypo/htn

Question 7

L. HF

Answer 7

inability of myocytes to pump ca from cytosol= relaxation impaired
normal volume, increased diastolic pressure= ^l atrial pressure=pulm edema
R atrial hypertrophy, jvd, hepatospelnomegaly, edema

Question 8

L HF occurs bc

Answer 8

RHF or pulm issues