Mod 3: Infection Flashcards
Colonization
dont make you sick, transmitted in all ways
invasion
Rapid multiplication and activation of immune/inflamm response
Specific symptoms
multiplication
viral-replicate in the cell
bacteria-replicate by splitting (transcription)
spread
depends on adhesion, toxins, immune/inflammatory response
Incubation period
Pathogen begins active replication W no symptoms
Prodromal stage
Initial mild symptoms
Convalescence
Containment of infection, resolution of symptoms
Immunogenicity
ability to pathogen to induce immune response
Pathogenicity
ability to produce disease
Toxigenicity
ability to produce endotoxins, affect degree of virulence
Epidemic
pandemic
endemic
endemic-high constant rates in a particular population
epidemic-unusually high numbers in a population
pandemic-large area
bacteria cell structure
Unicellular, prokaryotic, Xorganelles, have cytoplasm, ribosomes, lipid plasma membrane and rigid sugar/peptide peptidoglycan wall protects from osmotic pressure (site of action abx) 1Dna chromosome and RNA=proteins
virus structure
No organized cellular structures, can infect any cell, caspid (protein coat surrounds nucleic acid core (rna/dna)) protects nucleic acid and helps w attachment
Some have lipoprotein envelope derived from host cell membrane (HIV)
virus mechanisms, pathogenic properties
Xmetabolism, depends on host to replicate-have to give genetic material to host cell and force them to replicate
Replication can be immediate or dormant when conditions are right
Fungi structure
mold
yeast
no peptidoglycan =no abx
mold: branching hyphae filaments
yeast: ovoid/spherical
fungi mechanisms, pathogenic properties
mold
yeast
mycosis-mild except w opportunistic infection
candida reproduce by budding
clinical manifestations fungi
dermatophytes=tineas-hair skin and nails
exogenous and endogenous pyrogens.
exo-from outside, indirectly affects hypothalamus through cells released by host
endo-raise set point thru prostaglandins and turnover in tissue
Cocci bacteria
Round, common in strep/staph
Bacilli bacteria
Rod shape, ecoli
Spirochete bacteria
Helical, treponema pallidum (syphillis)
Pleomorphic No rigid cell wall/specific shape
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Rickettia
Intracellular parasite, rod shape, spherical, or pleomorphic
Spread by insects
Diplococci
Pairs
chains of cocci
Strep
Clusters
Staph
Bacteria capsule
Surrounds bacteria provides protection against phagocytosis
Plasmids
Extra chromosomal DNA that multiply independently from dna,carries genes for resistance and toxin production
Pili
Hair that help w attachment
Glycocalax
Slime layer secreted helps w attachment
