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MORS 200 > Microbiology Packet > Flashcards

Microbiology Packet Flashcards

1
Q

Mutual opposition or contrary action. The inhibition of one bacterial organism by another.

A

Antagonism

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2
Q

The symbiotic relationship of two organisms of different species in which one gains some benefit such as protection or nourishment.

A

Commensalism

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3
Q

The relationship in which two organisms of two different species live in close association to the mutual benefit of each.

A

Mutualism

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4
Q

An interactive relationship between two organisms in which one is harmed and the other benefits.

A

Parasitism

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5
Q

The living together in close association of different species.

A

Symbiosis

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6
Q

The harmonious action of two microorganisms producing an effect that neither could produce alone.

A

Synergism

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7
Q

A chemical or physical agent that kills disease-causing microorganisms- generally used on inanimate objects.

A

Disinfectant

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8
Q

The destruction of infectious agents by chemical or physical means directly applied to inanimate objects.

A

Disinfection

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9
Q

Disease that occurs continuously in a particular region but has low mortality. (example: lyme’s disease)

A

Endemic

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10
Q

Appearance of an infectious disease or condition that attacks many people at the same time in the same geographic region.

A

Epidemic

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11
Q

A disease affecting the majority of the population at the same time in many different parts of the world.

A

Pandemic

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12
Q

Is an endemic chronic or acute?

A

Chronic

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13
Q

Are epidemics and pandemics chronic or acute?

A

Acute

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14
Q

Produced or arising from within a cell or organism.

A

Endogenous Infection

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15
Q

Originating outside an organ or part.

A

Exogenous Infection

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16
Q

Glycoprotein substance developed in response to, and interacting specifically with an antigen. These can be natural or man-made.

A

Antibody (Immunoglobulin)

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17
Q

A foreign substance that stimulates the formation of antibodies that interact specifically with it.

A

Antigen

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18
Q

Relative power and degree of pathogenicity possessed by organisms to produce disease.

A

Virulence

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19
Q

Dilution or weakening of virulence of a microorganism, reducing or abolishing pathogenicity.

A

Attenuation

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20
Q

Increase in severity of a disease.

A

Exacerbation

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21
Q

Any rod-shaped microorganism.

A

Bacillus

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22
Q

A type of bacteria that is spherical or ovoid in form.

A

Coccus

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23
Q

The presence of viable bacteria in the blood stream.

A

Bacteremia

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24
Q

Condition characterized by the multiplication of bacteria in blood.

A

Septicemia

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25
Q

Bacteria present in the blood and/or the tissues.

A

Sepsis

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26
Q

An arthropod vector in which the disease causing organism multiplies or develops within the arthropod prior to becoming infective for a susceptible individual (Incubation).

A

Biological Vector

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27
Q

A living organism or an object that is capable of transmitting infections by carrying the disease agent on its external body parts or surface. (Needle, cosmetic brush, phone).

A

Mechanical Vector

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28
Q

Bacteria that prefers moderate temperatures and develops best at temperatures between 25 degrees C and 40 degrees C.

A

Mesophile

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29
Q

Bacteria that thrive best at high temperatures between 40 degrees C and 70 degrees C.

A

Thermophile

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30
Q

Bacterial toxin confined within the body of the bacterium freed only when the bacterium is broken down, found only in gram negative bacteria.

A

Endotoxin

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31
Q

A toxin produced by a microorganism and excreted into its surrounding medium, generally protein in nature.

A

Exotoxin

32
Q

One in which the organisms are originally confined to one area but enter the blood or lymph vessel and spread to other parts of the body.

A

Focal Infection

33
Q

Infection caused by germs lodging and multiplying at one point in a tissue and remaining there.

A

Local Infection

34
Q

Infection caused by two or more organisms.

A

Mixed Infection

35
Q

A group of diverse and widespread unicellular and multicellular organisms, lacking chlorophyll, usually bearing spores and often filamentous.

A

Fungus

36
Q

One-celled organisms of the Kingdom Protista- most are unicellular although some are colonial.

A

Protozoa

37
Q

An original infection from which a second one originates.

A

Primary Infection

38
Q

Infection caused by a different organism than the one causing the primary infection.

A

Secondary Infection

39
Q

A genus of gram-positive, nonmotile, opportunistic bacteria which tend to aggregate in irregular, grape-like clusters.

A

Staphylococcus

40
Q

A genus of bacteria containing gram-negative rods, which form a chain-like colony.

A

Streptobacilli

41
Q

Gram-positive bacilli that occur in chains.

A

Streptococci

42
Q

Localized accumulation of pus.

A

Abscess

43
Q

A sac within or on the body surface containing air or fluid.

A

Cyst

44
Q

A small elevation of the skin containing pus.

A

Pustule

45
Q

An open sore or lesion of skin or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of inflamed necrotic tissue.

A

Ulcer

46
Q

Blister-like elevation of skin containing serous fluid.

A

Vesicle

47
Q

Necrotic tissue that is wet as a result of inadequate venus drainage; may be accompanied by the invasion of saprophytic bacteria.

A

Moist Gangrene (Wet Gangrene)

48
Q

Condition that results when the body part that dies had little blood and remains aseptic and occurs when the arteries but not the veins are obstructed.

A

Dry Gangrene (Ischemic Necrosis)

49
Q

Disease of the arteries resulting in thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls.

A

Arteriosclerosis

50
Q

A form of arteriosclerosis marked by the deposition of lipids in the inner layer of arterial walls.

A

Atherosclerosis

51
Q

Free floating object in the bloodstream.

A

Embolism

52
Q

The formation or presence of an attached blood clot.

A

Thrombosis

53
Q

The part of the circulatory system where embolisms usually occur.

A

Venus System

54
Q

The part of the circulatory system where thrombosis usually occurs.

A

Arterial System

55
Q

Pus in the pleural cavity.

A

Empyema

56
Q

Accumulation of free serous fluid in the abdominal cavity.

A

Ascites

57
Q

Abnormal accumulation of fluid within the pericardial sac.

A

Hydropericardium

58
Q

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the thoracic cavity.

A

Hydrothroax

59
Q

What does the pleural cavity deal with?

A

Lungs

60
Q

The increased size of an organ or part due to the excessive but regulated increase in the number of its cells.

A

Hyperplasia

61
Q

Underdevelopment of a tissue, organ or the body.

A

Hypoplasia

62
Q

Infection acquired in a hospital.

A

Nosocomial

63
Q

Results from the adverse activity of medical personnel.

A

Iatrogenic

64
Q

Of unknown cause. (Example- essential hypertension, cancers, etc.)

A

Idiopathic

65
Q

Decrease in the size of an organ or tissue in the body. Most commonly occurs in muscles.

A

Atrophy

66
Q

Disease characterized by the appearance of great numbers of immature and abnormal white blood cells.

A

Leukemia

67
Q

Increase in the number of white blood cells in the blood.

A

Leucocytosis

68
Q

Abnormal reduction in the number of white blood cells in the blood.

A

Leucopenia

69
Q

Relative incidence of a disease in the population or number of cases in a given time at a given population.

A

Morbidity Rate

70
Q

Number of deaths in a given time or place or proportion of deaths to a population.

A

Mortality Rate

71
Q

Inflammation of bone and bone marrow.

A

Osteomyelitis

72
Q

Loss of bone density.

A

Osteoporosis

73
Q

Antemortem, pinpoint, extravascular blood discoloration visible as purplish hemorrhages of the skin. A common cause is asphyxia.

A

Petechia

74
Q

Postmortem bruises.

A

Tardieu Spots

75
Q

Condition in which spontaneous bleeding occurs in the subcutaneous tissues, causing the appearance of purple patches on the skin.

A

Purapura

MORS 200 (112 decks)

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