Embalming Vocab O-P Flashcards
Abnormal amount of fat on the body.
Obese
Slanting or inclined, neither perpendicular nor horizontal.
Oblique
Reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral, contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the performance of a worker’s duties.
Occupational Exposure
A governmental agency with the responsibility for regulation and enforcement. Agency may supersede the u.sheath matters for most United States employees; an individual state OSHA of safety and department of labor OSHA regulations.
Occupational Safety And Health Administration/ OSHA
Injection and drainage from one location.
One Point Injection
A cosmetic medium able to cover or hide skin discolorations.
Opaque Cosmetic
Any and all techniques to treat a problem area, excision, incision, wicking.
Operative Corrections
An optical instrument with an accompanying light that makes it possible to examine the retina and to explore for blood circulation.
Ophthalmoscope
Other possibly infectious material (or matter).
OPIM
The most favorable condition for functioning.
Optimum
The mouth and the vestibule, or the opening of the throat.
Oral Cavity
Entrance or outlet of any body cavity; an opening.
Orifice
The passage of solvent from a solution of lesser to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated by a semipermeable membrane.
Osmosis (Hindered Diffusion)
Preservation of the body’s surface (to dry or harden lesions), or excisions and cavities, or of areas that received inadequate arterial preservative.- Materials used: - Surface packs - Embalming powders - Autopsy gels
Osmotic Embalming (Surface Embalming)
Method of eye closure in which the upper lid is placed on top of the lower lid.
Overlap
Liquids or gels, usually available in spray or pack form, which are generally used in cases of skin slip, ulcerations, and other surface involvements.
Pack Application/ Surface Application
Embalming instrument used in filling the external orifices of the body.
Packing Forceps
To examine by touch.
Palpate
A plastic garment which fits tightly around the waist and thighs of the deceased to guard against leakage and to avoid stains and odors.
Pants
Incision on the surface of the skin to raise the common carotid arteries, it is made along the posterior border of the inferior one-third of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
Parallel Incision
Substances which temporarily or permanently inhibits an enzyme’s action.
Paralyzer or inactivator
Piercing mucous membranes or the skin barrier through such events as needlesticks, human bites, cuts and abrasions.
Parenteral
Embalming instrument used to hypodermically inject areas of the body with embalming chemicals.
Parietal Needle (hypo valve trocar)
In contaminated air, the parts of vapor or gas (formaldehyde) per million parts of air by volume; in solution the parts of chemical per million parts of solution.
Parts Per Million (PPM)
Occurs when venous drainage from an area is decreased.
Passive Capillary Congestion
Method by which solutes and/or solvents cross through a membrane with no energy provided by the cells of the membrane. In embalming, examples include:- Pressure filtration - Dialysis - Diffusion- Osmosis
Passive Transport System
Capable of producing disease.
Pathogenic
Diseased; due to a disease.
Pathological Condition
Antemortem discoloration that occurs during the course of certain diseases; gangrene and jaundice.
Pathological Discoloration
Substance able to destroy lice.
Pediculicide
Effected through unbroken skin.
Percutaneous
Chemicals found in embalming arterial formulations having the capability of displacing an unpleasant odor or of altering an unpleasant odor so that it is converted to a more pleasant one. Historically called reodorants.
Perfuming agents (Masking agents)
To force a fluid through (an organ or tissue), especially by way of the blood vessels; injection during vascular (arterial) embalming.
Perfusion
Weakness in the extremities due to damage or degeneration of the peripheral nerves.
Peripheral Neuropathy
Inflammation of the peritoneum, the membrane coat lining the abdominal cavity and investing the viscera.
Peritonitis
The maximum legal limits established by OSHA for regulated substances. These are based on employee exposure that are time-weighted over and eight-hour work shift. When these limits are exceeded, employers must take proper steps to reduce employee exposure for formaldehyde. The PEL is .75ppm.
Permissable Exposure Limit (PEL)
Those items of protection worn to minimize exposure to hazards; those items worn by the embalmer to avoid contact with blood and other body fluids.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Agents destructive to adult forms of insect life.
Pesticide/Insecticide
Antemortem, pinpoint, extravascular blood discoloration visible as purplish hemorrhages of the skin.
Petechia
Degree of acidity or alkalinity. The scale ranges from 0 to 14, 0 being completely acid, 14 being completely basic, and 7 being neutral.- Blood is 7.35-7.45
pH (Potential of Hydrogen)
Drugs or medicines.
Pharmaceutical Agents
An antiseptic employed to dry moist tissues and to bleach.
Phenol (carbolic acid)
The vertical groove located medially on the superior lip; a natural facial marking.
Philtrum
Extreme sensitivity to light.
Photophobia
A change in the form or state of matter without any change in chemical composition.
Physical Change
Changes which are not primarily responsible for alterations in the chemical composition and properties of body substances.
Physical Postmortem Changes
Post-death alteration in the body that comprises a physical and chemical change.- For example: rigor mortis, wherein there is a change in pH of the tissues and a stiffening of the muscles.
Physiochemical Postmortem Change
Condition in which interstitial spaces contain such excessive amounts of fluid that the skin remains depressed after palpation.
Pitting Edema
Preparation room equipment used to reduce neck swelling by variable air pressure.
Pneumatic Collar
Acute infection or inflammation of the alveoli. The alveolar sacs fill up with fluid and dead white blood cells. Causes include bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
Pneumonia
General term used to denote any prolonged inhalation of mineral dust.
Pneumoconiosis
Any substance that imperils health or life when absorbed into the body.
Poison
Concerning the entrance to an organ, especially that through which the blood is carried to the liver.
Portal
Preparation room equipment for properly positioning bodies prior to, during, and after vascular embalming.
Positioning Devices
That time period after the arterial injection.
Postembalming
Toward the back.
Posterior
Established by drawing a line along the fold of skin which envelopes the lateral border of the latissimus dorsi muscle.
Posterior Boundary
Period that begins after somatic death.
Postmortem
An embalming instrument for aspirating liquid materials from the trunk cavity of autopsied cases.
Postmortem Aspirator (Autopsy Aspirator)
The changing of the blood from a liquid to a semisolid or from a semisolid to a sold.
Postmortem Blood Coagulation
The rise in temperature after death due to continued cellular metabolism.
Postmortem Caloricity
Change in the body’s chemical composition that occurs after death.i.e.:- Decomposition- Change in body pH- Rigor mortis- Postmortem stain- Postmortem caloricity
Postmortem Chemical Changes
An examination after death of the organs and tissues of a body to determine cause of death or pathological condition.
Postmortem Examination (autopsy, necropsy)
The period of time between death and embalming. The sooner embalming takes place the better results.
Postmortem Interval
A change in the form or state of matter without any change in chemical composition.
Postmortem Physical Changes
Extravascular color change that occurs when heme, released by hemolysis of red blood cells, seeps through the vessel walls and into the body tissues.
Postmortem Stain (leaking)
Pure or drinkable water.
Potable Water
Contaminated or undrinkable water.
Non-potable Water
Degree of acidity or alkalinity. The scale ranges from 0 to 14, 0 being completely acid, 14 being completely basic, and 7 being neutral.- Blood is 7.35-7.45
Potential of Hydrogen (pH)
The pressure indicated by the injector gauge needle when the injector motor is running and the arterial tubing is clamped off.
Potential Pressure
Those sealing compounds which are used within vascular incisions, wounds, ulcerations, or other moist areas of the body.
Powders
Embalming equipment used to inject a substance into the mouth, giving the deceased a more lifelike appearance by filling out the mouth.
Poze Injector
A substance bringing about precipitation. -The oxalates formally used in water conditioning chemicals are now illegal because of the poisonous nature to the embalmer.
Precipitant
The injection of a specialized chemical prior to the injection of a routine arterial chemical.
Preinjection
Fluid injected primarily to prepare the vascular system and body tissues for the injection or preservative vascular (arterial) solution. This solution is injected before the preservative vascular solution is injected.
Preinjection Fluid
The area or facility wherein embalming, dressing, cosmetizing, or other body preparation are effected.
Preparation Room
The science of treating the body chemically so as to temporarily inhibit decomposition.
Preservation (Temporary Preservation)
Chemicals which inactivate saprophytic bacteria, render unsuitable for nutrition the media upon decomposition which such bacteria thrive, and which will arrest by altering enzymes and lysins of the body as well as converting the decomposable tissue to form less susceptible to decomposition.
Preservative (Fixers)
Amount of preservative (formaldehyde) required to effectively preserve remains. - Depends on the condition of the tissues as determined by the embalming analysis.
Preservative Demand (Formaldehyde Demand)
Chemical in powder form; typically used for surface embalming of the remains.
Preservative Powder
The action of a force against an opposing force (a force applied or acting against resistance).- Actual- Blood- Differential - Injection- Intravascular- Potential
Pressure
The pressure which is indicated by the injector gauge needled when the arterial tube is open and the arterial solution is flowing into the body.
Actual Pressure
The pressure exerted by the blood on the vessel walls measured in millimeters of mercury.
Blood Pressure
The difference between potential and actual pressure.
Differential Pressure
The amount of pressure produced by an injection device to overcome initial resistance within (intravascular) or on (extravascular) the vascular system. (arterial or venous)
Injection Pressure
Pressure developed as the flow of embalming solution is established and the elastic arterial walls expand and then contract, resulting in filling of the capillary beds and the development of pressure filtration.
Intravascular Pressure
The pressure indicated by the injector gauge needle when the injector motor is running and the arterial tubing is clamped off.
Potential Pressure
A motorized injector used to create positive pressure as required in vascular embalming.
Pressure Embalming Machine
Positive intravascular pressure causing passage of embalming solution through the capillary causing the passage of embalming fluid from an intravascular to a wall to diffuse with the interstitial fluids, extravascular position.
Pressure Filtration
The dilution attained as the embalming solution is mixed in the embalming machine.
Primary Dilution
Disinfection carried out prior to the embalming process.
Primary Disinfection
Vein or veins initially selected for use in the embalming procedure.
Primary Drainage Site
A period immediately following death and before rigor mortis occurs, where the muscles of the body are limp and flaccid.
Primary Flaccidity
Fluid injected primarily to prepare the vascular system and body tissues for the injection of the preservative vascular (arterial) solution, This solution is injected before the preservative vascular solution is injected.
Primary Injection Fluid (preinjection fluid)
Artery or arteries initially selected for use in the embalming procedure.
Primary Injection Site
The person who has the legal right/custody of the body and can choose whatever type of final disposition.
Primary Right of Disposition (PRD)
Small proteinaceous infectious agents (particles) which almost certainly do not have a nucleic acid genome and therefore resist inactivation by procedures that modify nucleic acids.- Diseases caused by these are often called spongiform encephalopathies because of the post mortem appearance of he brain with large vacuoles in the cortex and cerebellum.
Prion
As related to decomposition, the conversion of fatty tissues of the body into a soapy waxy substance called adipocere or grave wax.
Saponification (Process of Soap Formation)
The recovery or organs or tissues from a cadaver for transplantation purposes.
Procurement
Projection of the jaw or jaws that may cause problems with mouth closure alignment of the teeth.
Prognathism
Tending to ward off disease, preventative.
Prophylactic
Organic compound found in plants and animals; can be broken down into amino acids.
Protein
Decomposition of proteins.
Proteolysis
The state or condition of being thrust forward or projecting.
Protrusion
A part that is prominent beyond a surface, like a knob.
Protuberance
Any one of a group of nitrogenous organic compounds formed by the action of putrefactive bacterial on proteins.- Indole- Skatole- Cadaverine- Putrescine
Ptomaine
The fibrocartilage that joins the two pubic bones in the median plane.
Pubic symphysis
A hole or wound resulting from piercing.
Puncture
Postmortem evacuation of any substance from an external orifice of the body as a result of pressure.
Purge
A suture made around the circumference of a circular opening or puncture to close it or to hold the margins in position.
Pure String Suture
Liquid product of inflammation containing various proteins and leukocytes.
Pus
Characteristic pus-filled structure of a disease, such as smallpox, syphilis, and acne.
Pustular Lesion
Small elevation of the skin with an inflamed base, containing pus.
Pustule
Decomposition of proteins by the action of enzymes from anaerobic bacteria.
Putrefaction
