Anatomy Vocab E-I Flashcards
The organ of hearing.
Ear (Pinna)
Abnormal accumulation of tissue fluid in the loose connective tissue; causes the affected body region to swell.
Edema (Dropsy)
Muscle or gland capable of being activated by motor nerve endings.
Effector
Carrying away or away from, especially nerve fiber that carries impulses away from the central nervous system. _____ neurons are also known as motor neurons.
Efferent
A raised surface or part.
Elevation
Excessive leanness; a wasted condition resulting in sunken surfaces of the face.
Emaciation
A severe skin irritation due to prolonged exposure to formaldehyde or other embalming chemicals.
Embalmer’s Eczema
Any abnormal mass carried freely in the bloodstream; maybe a blood clot, bubbles of air, mass of fat, or clumps of cells.
Embolus
A prominence or projection, especially of a bone.
Eminence
The layer that lines the inner surface of the heart wall; consists of endothelium and areolar connective tissue.
Endocardium
Secreting into the blood or tissue fluid rather than into a duct; opposite of exocrine.
Endocrine
Mucous membrane lining the uterus.
Endometrium
The simplest squamous epithelium that lines the walls of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.
Endothelium
The removal of an entire mass or part, especially a tumor of the eyeball, without rupture.
Enucleation
An organic catalyst produced by living cells and capable of autolytic decomposition.
Enzyme
The outermost layer of skin.
Epidermis (Cuticle, Scarf Skin)
Bleeding from the nose.
Epistaxis
Comma-shaped structure in the scrotum adjacent to the testis; contains a duct in which the sperm mature.
Epididymis
A leaf-shaped piece of elastic cartilage that extends from the posterior surface of the tongue to the larynx; covers the opening of the larynx during swallowing.
Epiglottis
Ends of a long bone.
Epiphyses
A primary tissue that covers body surfaces and lines body cavities; its cells are arranged in.
Epithelium
When mature, this kind of cell is literally a sac of hemoglobin (oxygen carrying protein) covered by a plasma membrane.
Erythrocyte (Red Blood Cell)
Female sex hormones.
Estrogens
A term applied to the external secretion of a gland.
Exocrine
Glands that secrete onto body surfaces or into body cavities; except for the one-celled goblet cells, all of these glands have ducts.
Exocrine Glands
Loss of blood to the point where life can no longer be sustained.
Exsanguination
Straightening out a body part such as the arm.
Extension
Exterior; the opposite of medial or internal.
External
The lateral, outer opening of the external auditory canal.
External Auditory Meatus
Outside a cell.
Extracellular
Outside the blood vascular system.
Extravascular
Originating outside an organ or part.
Extrinsic
The superficial hairs covering the superciliary arches.
Eyebrows (Supercilium)
Two movable flaps of skin which cover and uncover each eyeball.
Eyelids (Palpebrae)
The bony region containing the eyeball; the orbital cavity.
Eye Socket (Orbital Cavity)
Sheet of connective tissue.
Fascia
Organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen; chemically, a triglyceride ester, composed of glycerol and fatty acids.
Fat
A product of decomposition of fats.
Fatty Acids
Fibrous insoluble protein formed during blood clotting; takes the form of a fiber network.
Fibrin
Passage of a solution or suspension through a membrane or filter, with the purpose of holding back the larger particles.
Filtration
Groove.
Fissure
Bending a body part such as the arm.
Flexion
A hold, small opening; example, ______ magnum of the occipital bone.
Foramen
An opening of the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes from the brain.
Foramen Magnum
A hollow depression; example, mandibular fossa or the temporal bone that serves as the socket for the lower jawbone.
Fossa
Cavity or hollow.
Fovea
The vertical restraining fold of mucous membrane on the midline of the inside of each lip connecting the lip with the gum.
Frenulum
The anterior third of the cranium, forming the forehead and the anterior portion of the roof of the skull.
Frontal Bone
The two rounded prominences, one on each side of the frontal bone, located where the forehead turns backward to become the anterior portion of the crown of the head.
Frontal Eminences
The ascending part of the upper jaw which gradually protrudes as it rises beside the nasal bone to meet the frontal bone; the ascending process of the upper jaw.
Frontal Process of The Maxilla
The hollows formed on either side of the separation of the two plates of the frontal bone beneath the superciliary ridge.
Frontal Sinuses
Helps to raise the eyebrows.
Frontalis Muscle
Base of a hollow organ, for example, the part farthest from its outlet.
Fundus
A crevice in the skin accompanied by adjacent elevations.
Furrow (Wrinkle)
A pear-shaped sac on the underside of the right lobe of the liver that stores bile received from the liver.
Gallbladder
Combining form meaning stomach.
Gaster
Pertaining to the stomach.
Gastric
Reproductive organs.
Genitalia
The period of pregnancy; averages 280 days in humans.
Gestation
The single bony prominence of the frontal bone located between the superciliary arches in the inferior part of the frontal bone above the root of the nose.
Glabella
A secretory organ of structure; a cell or group of cells that can manufacture a secretion discharged and used in some other part of the body.
Gland
A protein found in blood.
Globin
Of the tongue.
Glossal
The opening between the two vocal cords in the larynx.
Glottis
The principal blood sugar; the main sugar used by cells for energy.
Glucose
The buttocks.
Gluteal
A long chain of glucose molecules; the main form in which sugar is stored in animal cells; takes the form of dense granules in the cytoplasm.
Glycogen
Primary reproductive organ: the testis of the male or the ovary of the female.
Gonad
Gray area of the central nervous system; contains neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated processes of neurons.
Gray Matter
The viscous, spongy part of the extracellular matrix of connective tissue; its large molecules attract water and hold tissue fluid.
Ground Substance
Refers to the study of the body with the unaided eye.
Gross Anatomy
An influential person in medical embalming who discovered the circulation of blood in 1628.
Harvey, Dr. William
A rounded projection beyond a narrow neckline portion; example: ____ of the femur.
Head
Abnormal heart sound (usually resulting from valve problems).
Heart Murmur
The outer rim of the ear.
Helix
Blood present in vomitus; vomiting of blood from the stomach.
Hematemesis
The study of the blood.
Hematology
A mass of blood that has been bled from blood vessels into the tissues.
Hematoma
The non-protein portion of hemoglobin; the red pigment of the hemoglobin.
Heme
The red respiratory portion of the red blood cells; iron containing pigment of red blood cells functioning to carry oxygen to the cells.
Hemoglobin
Blood in sputum.
Hemoptysis
Pertaining to the liver.
Hepar (Hepactic)
A gland that has both endocrine and exocrine functions (example: pancreas).
Heterocrine
Depression where vessels enter an organ.
Hilus or Hilum
Shaped like the letter U; bone of this shape at the base of the tongue.
Hyoid
The third portion of the small intestine, about 12 feet in length.
Ileum
The depression between the mental eminence and the inferior incisor teeth.
Incisive Fossa
The four teeth located anteriorly from the midline on each jaw, used for cutting.
Incisor Teeth
Beneath; lower; used medically in reference to the undersurface of an organ or indicating a structure below another surface.
Inferior
The lowermost scroll-shaped bones on the sidewalls of the nasal cavity.
Inferior Nasal Conchae
The furrow of the lower attached order of the inferior palpebra; an acquired facial marking.
Inferior Palpebral Sulcus
A form of prognathism in which the base of the nasal cavity protrudes abnormally.
Infranasal Prognathism
Pertaining to the groin.
Inguinal
Anatomical structure forming the base of the femoral triangle; extends from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle. The base of the femoral triangle.
Inquinal Ligament (Poupartous Ligament)
Eminence at the medial corner of the closed eyelids.
Inner Canthus
Relating to the integument (a covering; the skin, consisting of the corium or dermis, and epidermis).
Integumentary
Superiorly, the skin portion of the upper lip from the attached margin of the upper mucous membrane to the base of the nose; and inferiorly, the skin portion of the lower lip from the attached margin of the lower mucous membrane to the labiomental sulcus.
Integumentary Lips
Between the cells of a structure.
Intercellular
The vertical or transverse furrows between the eyebrows; acquired facial markings.
Interciliary Sulci
Space between the ribs.
Intercostal Space
Fluid in the supporting connective tissues surrounding body cells (about one-fifth of the body weight).
Interstitial Fluid
Within a cell or cells.
Intracellular
Within the body; within or on the inside; the opposite of external.
Internal
Of or forming small spaces between things. Intercellular.
Interstitial
From within the body.
Intrinsic
Reduction in arterial blood supply.
Ischemia
A tiny isolated mass of one kind of tissue within another type.
Islet
Clusters of cells in the pancreas that are responsible for secreting insulin.
Islets of Langerhans
