Anatomy Vocabulary C-D Flashcards
Tendon that attaches the calf muscles to the heel bone.
Calcaneal (Achilles Tendon)
The posterior, lower leg.
Calf
Cup shaped division of the renal pelvis.
Calyx
The dome-like superior portion of the cranium; that portion removed during the cranial autopsy.
Calvarium
A narrow tube, channel, or passageway.
Canal
- Microscopic blood vessels; connect arterioles with venules. Also microscopic lymphatic vessels.
- The smallest vessels between the arteioles and venules which walls are only comprised of endothelia cells.
Capillary
Several communicating boils of the skin and subcutaneous tissues with the production and discharge of pus and dead tissue.
Carbuncle
A cancer-causing chemical or material.
Carcinogen
An indentation of the left lung where the heart lies against the lung forming an indentation.
Cardiac Notch
The yellow pigment of the skin.
Carotene
Pertaining to the wrist.
Carpal
A sheath or continuous enclosure around an organ or structure.
Capsule (Capsula)
A canal in the petrous portion of the temporal bone that transmits the internal carotid artery and the internal carotid plexus of sympathetic nerves.
Carotid Canal
A specialized type of dense connective tissue; attached to the ends of bones and forming parts of structures, such as the nasal septum and the framework of the ear.
Cartilage
Refers to the study of the heart.
Cardiology
The formation of cavities in an organ or tissue; frequently seen in some forms of tuberculosis.
Cavitation
A hallow place or area.
Cavity
White, semiopaque, resilient connective tissue; gristle.
Cartilage
Pertaining to the tail or an animal. Opposite of cephalic.
Caudal
Blind pouch; the pouch at the proximal end of the large intestine.
Cecum
Pertaining to the abdomen.
Celiac
Situated at or pertaining to a center.
Central
Brain and spinal cord.
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Barrel-shaped organelle formed of microtubules and located near the nucleus of the cell; active in cell division.
Centriole
The head.
Cephalic
Brain region that is attached to the pons and smooths and coordinates body movements.
Cerebellum
The narrow cavity of the midbrain that connects the third and fourth ventricles.
Cerebral Aqueduct
The external, gray matter region of the cerebral hemispheres.
Cerebral Cortex
Neck, any neck-like structure.
Cervix
Funnel-shaped openings, especially the posterior nares; one of the communicating passageways between the nasal fossae and the pharynx.
Choanae
A steroid lipid found in animal fats as well as in the plasma membranes of cells.
Cholesterol
Bar-like body of tightly coiled chromatinm visible during cell division; typical human cells have 46 of these.
Chromosome
Long-term; prolonged.
Chronic
Food that has been processed by the stomach that is ready to exit via the intestine.
Chyme
The eyelashes.
Cilia
Motile, hair-like projection from the apical surface of certain epithelial cells.
Cilium
Comprised of 9 arteries.
- Right and left internal carotid arteries
- Anterior communicating artery (serves to link the right and left anterial cerebral arteries)
- Right and left posterior cerebral arteries
- Right and left posterior communicating arteries
Circle of Willis
A chronic disease, particularly of the liver, characterized by overgrowth of connective tissue, or fibrosis.
Cirrhosis
A phase of somatic death lasting from 5-6 minutes during which life may be restored.
Clinical Death
Snail-shaped chamber of the bony labyrinth in the innear ear, houses the receptor for hearing (spiral organ, or organ or Corti)
Chochlea
The large intestine from the end of the cecum to the anal canal that surrounds the anus.
Colon
The fleshy termination of the nasal septum at the base of the nose; located between the nostrils; the most inferior part of the mass of the nose.
Columna Nasi
Exhibiting a depressed or hollow surface; a concavity.
Concave
A facial profile variation in which the forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows while the chin recedes from the plan of the upper lip.
Concave-Convex Profile
A depressed profile form which may dip concavely from root to lip.
Concave Nasal Profile
A basic facial profile form in which the forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows while the chin protrudes beyond the plane of the upper lip (least common).
Concave Profile (Infantine, Retrousse)
A facial profile variation in which the forehead protrudes beyond the eyebrows while the upper lip and chin project equally to an imaginary vertical line.
Concave-Vertical Profile
Oneof the tree nasal conchae; a scroll-like bone.
Concha
A rounded protuberance at the end of the bone forming an articulation.
Condyles
- A primary tissue; form and function vary widely, but all of this type of tissue contains a large amount of extracellular matrix; functions include: support, holding tissue fluid and protection from disease
- Basically serves the purpose of protecting, supporting, and binding body parts together.
Connective Tissue
Thin, protective mucous membrane that covers the white of the eye and the internal surface of the eyelids.
Conjunctiva
- Transparent anterior portion of the eyeball.
- The transparent structure which consititutes the anterior segment of the external layer of the eyeball.
Cornea
That portion of the cornea recovered for transplantation in situ. The cornea and the sclera considered together comprising the tunica fibrosa or fibrous coat of the eye.
Corneal Sclera Button
Legal term referring to a dead body.
Corpse
Having an abnormal amount of fat on the body.
Corpulence (Obesity)
The outer layer of an organ as distinguished from the inner medulla, as in the adrenal gland, kidney, ovary, lymph node, thymus, and cerebrum and cerebellum.
Cortex
A glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex.
Cortisol
Pertaining to the ribs.
Costal
Sensory nerves in the retina of the eye having to do with color detection.
Cones of the Eye
Curved evenly, resembling a segment of the outer edge of a sphere.
Convex
A profile variation in which the forehead recedes from the eyebrows while the chin protrudes beyond the plane fo the upper lip.
Convex-Concave Profile
A nasal profile which exhibits a humb in its linear form.
Convex Nasal Profile (Roman, Aquiline)
A basic profile form in which the forhead recedes from the eyebrows while the chin recedes from the plane of the upper lip (most common).
Convex Profile
A profile variation in which the forehead recedes from the eyebrows while the chin and upper lip project equally to an imaginary vertical line.
Convex-Vertical Profile
Vertical prominences of the neck; an acquired facial marking.
Cords of the Neck
A pyramid-shaped muscle of facial expression which draws the eyebrows inferiorly and medially.
Corrugator
The 12 pairs of nerves that attached to the brain.
Cranial Nerves
That part of the human skull which encloses the brain.
Cranium
A ridge; example: the iliac _____: a less prominent ridge is called a line; example: ileopectineal line.
Crest
Crackling sensation produced when gases trapped in tissues are palpated, as in subcutaneous emphysema.
Crepitation
Thin, medial protion of the ethmoid bone of the skull.
Cribriform Plate
The topmost part of the head.
Crown (Vertex)
The superior and anterior bifurcating branches of the antihelix of the ear.
Chura of the Antihelix
The origin of the helix which is flattened in the concha.
Crus of the Helix
Pertaining to the forearm.
Cubital
A normal or abnormal bending or sloping away; a curve.
Curvature
Pertaining to the skin.
Cutaneous
A condition of skin puckering caused by the contraction of the erector pili.
Cutaneous Anserina
Bluish discoloration of the skin or mucous membrane due to lack of oxygen.
Cyanosis
A sac within or on the body surface containing air or fluid.
Cyst
Of or pertaining to a cyst; pertaining to the gallbladder; pertaining to the urinary bladder.
Cystic
The part of the cell between the plasma membrane and the nucleus; contains many organelles.
Cytoplasm
Irreversible cessation of all vital functions.
Death
Separation of the head from the body; to decapitate is the act of such seperation.
Decapitation
Below the surface.
Deep
Carrying away.
Deferens
Elimination of the contents (feces) of the bowel.
Defecation
Loss of moisture from the body tissue which may occur antemortem or postmortem (antemortem- febrile disease, diarrhea or emesis; postmortem- injection of embalming solution or through absorption by the air).
Dehydration
Neuron process that transmits signals toward the cell body and serves as receptive region of the neuron; most of these branch extensively.
Dendrite
Oblique insertion of the teeth.
Dental Prognathism (Buck Teeth)
A nucleic acid found in all living cells; carries the organism’s hereditary information.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
To lower inferiorly or to reduce projection.
Depress
A hollow or concave region; the lowering of a part.
Depression
A muscle of facial expression which depresses the angle of the mouth.
Depressor Anguli Oris
A muscle of facial expression which draws the lower lip inferiorly and slightly lateral.
Depressor Labii Inferioris
The leathery layer or skin, deep to the epidermis; composed largely of dense irregular connective tissue.
Dermis (Derma, Corium, True Skin)
The section of the colon which turns downward at the splenic flexure and descends on the left side of the abdomen.
Descending Colon
Process of drying out.
Dessiccation
Sloughing off of the epidermis, wherein there is a separation of the epidermis from the underlying dermis formally referred to as skin slip.
Desquamation (Skin Slip)
Reduction of the toxic properties of a poisonous substance.
Detoxification
Refers to the study of the body before birth.
Developmental Anatomy (Embryology)
A variation from the common or established.
Deviations
Disease characterized by passage of a large quantity of dilute urine plus intense thirst and dehydration; caused by inadequate release of antidiuretic hormone.
Diabetes Insipidus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes)
Disease caused by deficient release of, or deficient use of, insulin; characterized by an inability of the body cells to use sugars at a normal rate and by high blood sugar levels.
Diabetes Melitus (Type II)
Relaxation phase of the heart action, or beat.
Diastole
A double bellied muscle which draws the hyoid bone superiorly.
Digastricus
Anatomical term describing fingers and toes; the thumb is #1 for each hand and the large toe is #1 for each foot.
Digits
The condition of the heart being enlarged, occurring normally, artificially, or as a result of disease.
Dilatation (Dilation)
Any partition or wall separating one area from another; the muscular sheet that separates the throacic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity.
Diaphragm
The spreading of particles in a gas or solution from regions of high particle concentration to regions of low concentration, with movement toward a uniform distribution of the particles.
Diffusion
Expansion or widening of a vessel, organ, or opening.
Dilation
Disjoining of bones.
Disarticulate
Any abnormal color in or upon the human body.
Discoloration
Any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of a body part, organ, or system.
Disease
Farthest from the center, from a medial line, or from the trunk; opposite of proximal.
Distal
A state of being twisted or pushed out of natural shape or position.
Distortion
Outpocketing from a tubular organ such as the intestine.
Diverticulum
Pertaining to the back; opposite of ventral.
Dorsal (Posterior)
Top; the anterior protruding ridge of the nose from the root to the tip of the lobe.
Dorsum
A wooden or metal rod used as an armature. Inserted into a foramen magnum (spinal column) to reattach a decapitation.
Dowel
The first and shortest part of the small intestine.
Duodenum
Most external and toughest of the three membranes (meninges) covering the brain and spinal cord.
Dura Mater
