Lecture notes Senses & endocrine Flashcards
Briefly describe endocrine system
Ductless glands
• Secrete directly into blood stream
• Produce hormones
• Action on another tissue or organ – Target cells or target organs
Gonadotropin does what?
Stimulates gonads to produce other hormones or causes sex cell maturation
Hormone production results in increased hormone production
Positive feedback loop
Hormone production results in decreased hormone production
Negative feedback loop
Give an example of a baby getting milk from its mother as a positive feedback loop
Suckling on mammary • Oxytocin produced • Milk ejection • More suckling • More oxytocin • More milk ejection • Stops when baby stops Hormone production results in increased hormone production!
Give an example of how glucose is a negative feedback loop
Glucose rises in blood • Insulin produced • Glucose level falls • Insulin production falls • Glucose level rises Hormone production results in decreased hormone production
1) Steroids
2) Peptides
3) Biogenic amines = amines
Hormones
Derived from cholesterol; secreted mostly by reproductive organs & adrenal cortex

Steroids
Amino acid derivatives & thus small; thyroid hormones & melatonin from the pineal gland are examples

Amines
string of amino Too large to pass through cell membranes, Most hormones are “peptide hormones”; e.g.-ALL pituitary hormones
Polypeptide & protein
Control center, controls in 3 ways; 1) Hormones stimulate anterior pituitary 2) Posterior pituitary hormones are actually made by hypothalamus, ADH & oxytocin travel down the axons in the infundibulum to be released by the posterior pituitary 3) Stimulates adrenal medulla
Hypothalamus
This gland is controlled by the hypothalamus. Nervous and endocrine systems combined
Pituitary
Sometimes called the “master gland”
Produces many hormones that effect other endocrine glands
Pituitary
What hormones does the pituitary gland have?
1) FSH
2) LH
3) ACTH
4) TSH
5) MSH
6) Prolactin
7) Growth hormone (GH)
The pineal gland has
Melatonin & circadian rhythm
