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Human Anatomy > Lab oral #4 > Flashcards

Lab oral #4 Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 12 skull muscles

A

1) Frontalis
2) Occipitalis
3) Temporalis
4) Orbicularis oculi
5) Orbicuclaris oris
6) Masseter
7) Buccinator
8) Depressor anguli oris
9) Depressor labii inferioris
10) Levator labii superioris
11) Risorius
12) Zygomaticus

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2
Q

Name the two neck muscles

A

1) Sternocleidomastoid

2) Sternohyoid

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3
Q

Name the 4 thorax muscles

A

1) Pectoralis major
2) Pectoralis minor
3) Serratus anterior
4) Intercostals

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4
Q

Name the 3 abdomen muscles

A

1) External oblique
2) Internal oblique
3) Rectus abdominis

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5
Q

Name the 3 back hip muscles

A

1) Latissimus dorsi
2) Gluteus maximus
3) Gluteus medius

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6
Q

Name the 9 thigh muslces

A

1) Tensor fasciae latae
2) Sartorius
3) Biceps femoris
4) Semitendinosus
5) Semimembranosus
6) Vastus lateralis
7) Vastus intermedius
8) Vastus medialis
9) Rectus femoris

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7
Q

Name the 8 muscles of the shoulder

A

1) Trapezius
2) Deltoideus
3) Teres major & minor
4) Rhomboideus minor
5) Rhomboideus major
6) Supraspinatus
7) Infraspinatus
8) Subscapularis

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8
Q

Name the muscles of the upper limb

A

1) Triceps brachii (lateral, long & medial)

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9
Q

Name the muscles of the upper arm

A

1) Biceps brachii (long & short)
2) Brachialis
3) Brachioradialis
4) Anconeus

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10
Q

Name the 7 muscles of the lower arm

A

1) Extensor carpi ulnaris
2) Extensor carpi radialis
3) Extensor digitorum
4) Flexor carpi ularis
5) Flexor carpi radialis
6) Palmaris longus
7) Pronator teres

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11
Q

Name the 2 muscles of the thumb

A

1) Abductor pollicis longus

2) Extensor pollicis brevis

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12
Q

Name the 7 muscles of the leg

A

1) Tibialis anterior
2) Gastrocnemius
3) Soleus
4) Tendo calcaneus (=Achille’s tendon)
5) Fibularis (Peroneus)
6) Extensor digitorum longus
7) Plantaris

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13
Q

Name the 4 muscles of the thigh

A

1) Adductor magnus
2) Adductor longus
3) Pectineus
4) Gracilis

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14
Q

Name the different movements of the body

A

1) Abduction, adduction
2) Flexion, extension
3) Elevation, depression
4) Supination, pronation
5) Inversion, eversion
6) Dorsiflexion, plantar flexion
7) Rotation
8) Circumduction

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15
Q

Name the origin, insertion, and action for sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin: Manubrium & clavicle
Insertion: Mastoid process of skull
Action: Flexes neck & turns face

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16
Q

Name the origin, insertion, & action for Pectoralis major

A

Origin: Ribs, sternum, clavicle
Insertion: Humerus
Action: Flexes & rotates the humerus

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17
Q

Name the origin, insertion, & action for triceps brachii

A

Origin: Scapula & humerus
Insertion: Olecranon process (ulna)
Action: Extends forearm

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18
Q

Name the origin, insertion, & action for Biceps brachii

A

Origin: Scapula & humerus
Insertion: Radius
Action: Flexes forearm

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19
Q

Name the origin, insertion, & action for trapezius

A

Origin: Occipital, thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Clavicle, scapula
Action: Elevates the scapula & extends head

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20
Q

Name the origin, insertion, & action for deltoid

A

Origin: Clavicle & scapula
Insertion: Humerus
Action: Abducts humerus

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21
Q

Name the origin, insertion, & action for biceps femoris

A

Origin: Ischium & femur
Insertion: Fibula & tibia
Action: Flexes the lower leg

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22
Q

Name the origin, insertion, & action for gastrocnemius

A

Origin: Condyles of femur
Insertion: Calcaneus
Action: Plantar flexes the foot (“points” the toe”)

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23
Q

The plasma membrane of a muscle cell is called a

A

Sarcolemma

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24
Q

Name the 3 types of muscle

A

Skeletal, smooth, cardiac

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25
Q

For skeletal muscle the muscle is arranged

A

In bundles of bundles

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26
Q

The arrangement of muscle is

A

Bundles within bundles so that at a microscopic level when the proteins move the action is amplified through the bundles so that the whole muscle contracts but it all starts at the microscopic level

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27
Q

Muscle is only capable of?

A

Contracting, it can only shorten its length, it can not push

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28
Q

Muscles can

A
  • Contract
  • Shorten it’s length
  • Relax
  • Lengthen by relaxation
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29
Q

Each bundle is surrounded by connective tissue cover called?

A

Mysium

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30
Q

Myo=

A

Muscle in latin

31
Q

Depending on where the mysium is it has a different prefix:

A

Epi, peri, or endo

32
Q

Epi=

A

Over or upon

33
Q

The epimysium is

A

Around the whole muscle

34
Q

There is a fascia layer that is over the

A

Epimysium & the fascia layer is continuous with the tendon that attaches muscle to bone

35
Q

Muscle is arranged in

A

Bundles called fasicle

36
Q

The fascicle is surrounded by

A

The perimysium

37
Q

Peri=

A

Around

38
Q

The perimysium is

A

Around the fasicle

39
Q

The fasicle is composed of

A

bundles of muscle fibers

40
Q

Muscle fibers are the same as

A

A muscle cell

41
Q

The muscle fiber/muscle cell is surrounded by

A

Endomysium because endo means inside of

42
Q

The muscle fiber/muscle cell is composed of still smaller

A

Bundles of proteins: the actin & myosin

43
Q

Actin (thin) implies

A

Action because of these proteins ability to move relative to the myosin

44
Q

Myosin implies

A

Muscle

45
Q

Because of the arrangements of the proteins in a muscle cell it creates

A

A certain pattern or banding that is important to the understanding of how the muscle works

46
Q

There are thick and thin elements, these overlap creating

A

Dark bands and light bands, light areas and dark areas, thus we have banding within the muscle cell

47
Q

Myosin is the

A

Thick element (protein)

48
Q

Actin is the

A

Thin element (protein)

49
Q

What creates the dark bands at either side of the A band?

A

The overlap of the thick & the thin elements

50
Q

What creates the light I band?

A

The area where there is only thin elements

51
Q

When muscles contract the banding pattern changes because

A

The thin elements slide over the thick elements

52
Q

What is a photomicrograph?

A

A picture taken with a microscope

53
Q

Muscles can contract not

A

Expand

54
Q

When muscles contract is causes

A

Movement of other body parts

55
Q

Skeletal muscles generally don’t function in

A

Isolation; rather they work together to produce movements

56
Q

Muscles are grouped according to their

A

Primary actions into 3 types: Agonists, antagonists, & synergists

57
Q

Agonist is also

A

Called prime mover. It is a muscle that contracts to produce a particular movement

58
Q

Example of agonist

A

The triceps brachii of the posterior arm, it causes forearm extension

59
Q

Antagonist is

A

A muscle whose actions oppose those of the agonist

60
Q

Example of antagonist

A

When the triceps brachia acts an an agonist to extend the forearm, the biceps brachia on the anterior side of the humerus acts as an antagonist to stabilize the movement & produce the opposing action, which is flexion of the forearm

61
Q

Synergist are

A

Muscles that assist the agonist in performing its action

62
Q

Examples of synergist

A

The biceps brachii & the brachialis muscles of the arm

63
Q

Synergists may also assist an agonist by

A

Preventing movement at a joint & thereby stabilizing the origin of the agonist, these are called fixators

64
Q

Why do we have to have antagonists?

A

We couldn’t have delicate movement otherwise

65
Q

Biceps brachii and biceps femoris are both

A

Flexors

66
Q

Biceps brachii is on the

A

Humerus and moves the lower arm (forearm)

67
Q

Muscles that move a certain part is usually not located on

A

That part, it is usually closer to the body center

68
Q

Group of muscles called the quadriceps all have the same

A

Action and is composed of 4 muscles

69
Q

The quadriceps are

A

1) Rectus femoris
2) Vastus lateralis
3) Vastus intermedius
4) Vastus medialis

70
Q

Which one of the quadriceps can you not see?

A

Vastus intermedius because it is under vast us medialis

71
Q

What do the quadriceps do?

A

They move the lower leg, the leg will undergo extension & be a kicking action

72
Q

The hamstrings are the antagonists of the?

A

Quadriceps

73
Q

What are the 3 muscles that make up the hamstrings?

A

1) Semimembranosus
2) Semitendinosus
3) Biceps femor long head & short head

74
Q

Many muscles are named for?

A

The bones they lie on

Human Anatomy (50 decks)

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