Lab Oral #3 Flashcards
Bone is a type of
Connective tissue
Bone is arranged at the microscopic level into systems called
Osteons
Osteon is
Basic functional & structural unit of mature compact bone
Osteons run parallel to
The diaphysis of the long bone
Each osteon has a central (or haversion) canal which
Supplies the blood vessels & nerves to the living cell of bone
The cells of bone that are living are called?
Osteocytes
Osteocytes are housed
In lacunae & are found between adajacent concentric lamellae
Matrix of bone is
Rigid & is laid down by osteocytes; so the living cells lay down a non-living matrix level/layer which is hard material
If osteocytes were removed, such as when the bone dies, what would happen?
There would be a space or a gap that would remain. This space is called the lacunae.
Bone is laid down in concentric
Rings
Each ring of bone is called?
A lamellae
Lamellae are
Rings of bone connective tissue that surround the central canal & form the bulk of the osteon
Communication from one lamellae (ring) to the next is through what?
Very small canals called canaliculi
Canaliculi are
Tiny, interconnecting channels within the bone connective tissue that extend from each lacuna, travel through the lamellae, & connect to other lacunae & the central canal
The periosteum
A fibrous sheath that surrounds the whole bone & many osteons.
The skeleton is arranged into two subdivisions
The axial skeleton & the appendicular skeleton
The axial skeleton is made up of
The skull, vertebral column, ribs, & sternum
The ribs & sternum together are known as
The thoraces
The thoraces, skull, & vertebral column make up
The axial skeleton
The ends of long bones are called?
Epiphyses
The shaft of a long bone is called?
Diaphysis
A proximal epiphysis is?
The end of a long bone closest to the body trunk
A distal epiphysis is?
The end of a long bone farthest from the trunk of the body
Between the diaphysis and each epiphysis is a thin layer of cartilage called
The epiphyseal line
Bone is lengthened at
The epiphyseal line which means new bone is laid down at this juncture
Once a person is mature the epiphyseal line will
Ossify, meaning become non cartilaginous & become bony. At this point there is no more growth
The space in the middle of bone is?
The medullary cavity, which is in the shaft of the bone
The dense bone around the medullary cavity is?
Compact bone
The airy bone, like sponge, at each end and along the narrow cavity is?
Spongy bone
Compact bone is
Very rigid & not many airy spots
Spongy bone is
Airy, looks like a sponge
Spongy bone does not contain what?
Any osteons, instead it contains trabeculae which is composed of parallel lamellae
A hole in a bone
Foramen
Shallow depression or dent
Fossa
Any projection or bump
Process
Expanded end of a bone
Head
A ridge
Crest
A thin process
Spine
A long, narrow cleft
Fissure
Low ridge
Line
Smooth, rounded process
Condyle
An angled projection of a bone
Ramus
Smooth, grooved structure
Trochlea
Large, rough spot
Trochanter
Smaller, rough spot
Tuberosity
Small, rough process
Tubercle
Small, flat articular surface
Facet
Canal with one entrance
Meatus
