Lecture 40 - Haemonchus Flashcards
Haemonchas contortus is also known as
barber-poll worm
T/F: sheep and goats do not develop age related immunity to H. contortus
TRUE
what is the prepatent period of H. contortus
3 weeks
what is the pathology of H. contortus
- anemia
- bottle jaw/edema
describe hyperacute haemonchosis
- death in 1 week after heavy exposure
- Lambs & Kids
- sudden hemorrhagic anemia
- no FEC (L5s)
describe acute haemonchosis
- pathology after heavy exposure
- older animals
- building hemorrhagic anemia
- increased FAMACHA, FEC, BCS
describe chronic haemonchosis
- compensated hemorrhagic anemia
- older animals
- blood loss </= hematopoietic capcity
- poor BCS +/- bottle jaw
what triggers a haemonchosis event
- Heavily contaminated pastures
- Arrested L4s reactivate and become mature adults (ewe/doe and lambs/kids)
- Spring rise (male and female hosts)
- Larval storm
what pasture management techniques can decrease H. contortus infection
rotational and planned intensive grazing
T/F: haemonchus resistance is a serious problem
TRUE
what two types of deworming should be used to treat H. contortus
- salvage deworming
- selective deworming
describe H. Placei
- Barber-pole worm of cattle
- anemia, hypoproteinemia, chronic issue
What hookworm species are clinically relevant to dogs and cats
- Ancylostoma caninum
- Ancylostoma tubaforme
- Uncinaria stenocephala
describe the life cycle of A. caninum in dogs
- adult worms in small intestine
- eggs are passed in feces
- development in environment to infective L3
- L3s are transmitted by skin penetration, ingestion, or transmammary
T/F: A. caninum infects paratenic hosts
TRUE
When do A. caninum reactivate
- pregnancy (transmammary)
- deworming (gut)
- stress (gut)
Describe peracute hookworm disease
- contributes to “fading puppy syndrome” in 2wk/o
- severe acute anemia in nursing puppies
- no eggs in stool
- tx: deworm with anthelmintic, iron supplementation, blood transfusions
Describe acute hookworm disease
- acute anemia in older puppies
- due to a heavily contaminated environment
- L3s from pentration or ingestion (pododermatitis common)
- +/- eggs in feces
Describe chronic hookworm disease
- chronic blood loss and unthriftiness
- “larval leak” = reactivation of arrested larvae
- eggs in feces
what diagnostics can be used to confirm A. caninum?
- Fecal Float
- Fecal antigen
- PCR
how can you determine a dewormer resistance vs. larval leak
fecals pre and post treatment
+ = resistance
- = larval leak
T/F: hookworms are not zoonotic
FALSE
describe the lifecycle of A. tubaeforme
- adult worms in the small intestine of cats
- eggs passed in feces
- development to infective L3
- transmitted by penetration, ingestion (direct or of paratenic hosts)
Describe kitten hookworm disease
- anemia in kittens
- eggs seen in feces
Describe cat hookworm disease
- mild blood loss
- eggs seen in feces
T/F: A. caninum and A. tubaeforme have the same diagnostic tests
TRUE
Describe Uncinaria stenocephala
- has cutting plate
- relatively non-pathogenic
- northern, cool regions
