Lecture 20 - Autonomic Pharm 3

Question 1

what are the 5 actions of cholinergic receptor activity

Answer 1

1. salivation
2. lacrimation
3. urination
4. digestion
5. defecation

Question 2

describe M2 receptors

Answer 2

inhibition

Lungs - bronchoconstriction

Cardiovasc. - bradycardia, AV block, decreased ionotropy, vasodilation

Question 3

describe M3 receptors

Answer 3

stimulation

CNS - insulin, emesis

Ocular - mydriasis

Airway smooth mm. - bronchoconstriction, increased secretion

GI - increased H+ secretion, salivation, and peristalsis

Question 4

what are anticholinergics

Answer 4

competitive antagonists with Ach at muscarinic receptors

Question 5

What are the 5 general uses of antimuscarinics in vet med

Answer 5

1. treat/prevent bradycardia
2. decrease secretions
3. GI - specifically spasmodic colic
4. bronchodilate
5. dilate pupils

Question 6

describe the use of anticholinergics in small animal anesthesia

Answer 6

IM pre-med
do NOT combine with alpha 2 agonists
treat bradycardia/hypotension

Question 7

T/F: use of anticholinergics in large animal anesthesia is rare because of its affects on the GI system

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

Atropine

Answer 8

L isomer active
penetrates BBB
rapid onset and moderate duration

Question 9

what are the expected side effects of atropine

Answer 9

1. mydriasis
2. GI ileus
3. CNS toxicity
4. tachycardia/arrhythmias

Question 10

Glycopyrrolate

Answer 10

charged substance, not lipid-soluble
potent
slower onset, longer duration

Question 11

if I wanted to give my patient an anticholinergic drug that has no side ocular effects, which drug would I give?

a. atropine
b. glycopyrrolate

Answer 11

b. glycopyrrolate

Question 12

Buscopan

Answer 12

FDA drug for flatulent/spasmodic colic
extra-label use for rectal palp.
tachycardia (50-70bpm)

Question 13

Ipratropium bromide

Answer 13

inhaled drug delivery
bronchodilator (M3)
may increase secretion viscosity in airways