Lecture 12 - Respiratory Virology 2 Flashcards
PRDC is a multifactoral disease caused by what 3 things
- bacteria
- virus
- management/environment
what are the ways PRRSV is transmitted
- aerosolized
- sexual transmission
- fomites
T/F: PRRSV has a very high mutation rate
TRUE
what is the site of infection and target of PRRSV
infection: lung or bulbourethral gland
target: macrophages
T/F: there have been no vaccines developed to address PRRSV shedding in semen
FALSE
what does PRRSV induce
immunosuppression
what are the clinical signs of PRRSV
- fever
- anorexia
- respiratory distress
- pneumonia
- SMEDI (abortions and stillbirths)
inactivated vaccines
low cross-protection; usually strain isolated from herd
live vaccines
some cross-protection; potential recombination
T/F: genetically modified pigs against PRRSV have been made but are not common
TRUE
Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) is a mutant of
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV)
T/F: antibodies against ORCV and TGEV are cross-reactive
TRUE
Pseudorabies/Aujeszky’s is present in what populations
eradicated from commercial swine but endemic in feral swine populations
what are the natural and accidental hosts of pseudorabies
natural = swine
accidental = dogs, cats, horse, sheep, goats, rabbits
outcome of pseudorabies is dependent on what
- age
- immune status
Young pigs infected with pseudorabies undergo
multiorgan neonatal disease with high mortality
what is the primary agent in PRDC
porcine circovirus
what is the respiratory secondary infection that arises from PCVD
porcine respiratory disease complex
describe nipah virus
- morbillivirus
- respiratory (cough) and neurologic
- zoonotic
what are paramyxoviruses
- Newcastle
- parainfluenza III
- bovine respiratory syncytial virus
- rinderpest
- canine distemper
how are paramyxoviruses transmitted
- aerosolized secretions
- ingestion of contaminated feed/water
- secretions/excretions
describe Newcastle disease
- infects avian spp.
- transmission by inhalation of aerosols and ingestion of contaminated feed
- initially in mucosal epithelia then systemic
T/F: Newcastle syndromes are dependent on strain
TRUE
lentogenic
mild respiratory disease
mesogenic
moderate systemic infection (resp. and GI)
velogenic or exotic
severe systemic infection
what is the control for Newcastle
modified live vax
describe infectious laryngotracheitis
respiratory disease categorized by dyspnea and expectoration of blood
decreased egg production
what is the pathogenesis of infectious laryngotracheitis
- aerosol exposure
- lytic infection of tracheal epithelium
- necrotic cells = blood in tracheal lumen
- asphyxiation and death
T/F: infectious laryngotracheitis is always treated by vaccine
FALSE - biosecurity in free areas, vaccines in endemic areas
describe the infectious bronchitis virus
- highly contagious in chickens
- infects trachea but can spread to kidneys + ovaries
- reduced egg yield and quality
- MLV or inactivated
describe avian metapneumovirus
- 3 to 12 weeks of age
- facial pruritus, s+, nasal/eye discharge
- drop in egg production
- can resolve given no complications
describe shipping fever
viral respiratory infection with secondary bacterial infection and stress
controlled by MLV
what disease, termed cattle plague, was “eradicated”
rinderpest
what is the pathogenesis and control for rinderpest
pathogenesis: oropharyngeal lymph infection, systemic, fever, erosions, bloody d+
control: surveillance, culling, restrictions and regulations, intense vax
what are the top 3 disease manifestations of bovine herpesvirus 1
- respiratory disease
- abortion
- multiorgan neonatal infection
why may we not give an MLV for bovine herpesvirus 1
if the cow is pregnant this may induce abortions
what virus causes an inapparent or severe fatal form of disease based on species
malignant catarrhal fever virus (gammaherpesvirus)
T/F: fatal systemic infections of gammaherpesvirus occurs in natural hosts
FALSE
what are the clinical signs of gammaherpesvirus
- fever
- ulceration
- nasal/ocular discharge
- corneal edema
- death
is there a vaccine for gammaherpesvirus
NO
what is visna-maedi
ovine progressive pneumonia common to iceland
describe the transmission of OPP
- inhalation or ingestion of respiratory secretions
- colostrum to nursing kids
what are the clinical signs of OPP
- gradual weight loss
- cough
- nasal discharge
- some CNS symptoms
T/F: there is NO treatment for OPP
TRUE
T/F: bovine adenovirus is always a respiratory manifestation
FALSE - 10 serotypes create array of infections
