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2 - Animal Health & Disease > Lecture 12 - Respiratory Virology 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 12 - Respiratory Virology 2 Flashcards

1
Q

PRDC is a multifactoral disease caused by what 3 things

A
  1. bacteria
  2. virus
  3. management/environment
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2
Q

what are the ways PRRSV is transmitted

A
  1. aerosolized
  2. sexual transmission
  3. fomites
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3
Q

T/F: PRRSV has a very high mutation rate

A

TRUE

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4
Q

what is the site of infection and target of PRRSV

A

infection: lung or bulbourethral gland

target: macrophages

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5
Q

T/F: there have been no vaccines developed to address PRRSV shedding in semen

A

FALSE

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6
Q

what does PRRSV induce

A

immunosuppression

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7
Q

what are the clinical signs of PRRSV

A
  • fever
  • anorexia
  • respiratory distress
  • pneumonia
  • SMEDI (abortions and stillbirths)
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8
Q

inactivated vaccines

A

low cross-protection; usually strain isolated from herd

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9
Q

live vaccines

A

some cross-protection; potential recombination

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10
Q

T/F: genetically modified pigs against PRRSV have been made but are not common

A

TRUE

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11
Q

Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) is a mutant of

A

Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV)

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12
Q

T/F: antibodies against ORCV and TGEV are cross-reactive

A

TRUE

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13
Q

Pseudorabies/Aujeszky’s is present in what populations

A

eradicated from commercial swine but endemic in feral swine populations

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14
Q

what are the natural and accidental hosts of pseudorabies

A

natural = swine
accidental = dogs, cats, horse, sheep, goats, rabbits

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15
Q

outcome of pseudorabies is dependent on what

A
  1. age
  2. immune status
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16
Q

Young pigs infected with pseudorabies undergo

A

multiorgan neonatal disease with high mortality

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17
Q

what is the primary agent in PRDC

A

porcine circovirus

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18
Q

what is the respiratory secondary infection that arises from PCVD

A

porcine respiratory disease complex

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19
Q

describe nipah virus

A
  • morbillivirus
  • respiratory (cough) and neurologic
  • zoonotic
20
Q

what are paramyxoviruses

A
  1. Newcastle
  2. parainfluenza III
  3. bovine respiratory syncytial virus
  4. rinderpest
  5. canine distemper
21
Q

how are paramyxoviruses transmitted

A
  1. aerosolized secretions
  2. ingestion of contaminated feed/water
  3. secretions/excretions
22
Q

describe Newcastle disease

A
  • infects avian spp.
  • transmission by inhalation of aerosols and ingestion of contaminated feed
  • initially in mucosal epithelia then systemic
23
Q

T/F: Newcastle syndromes are dependent on strain

A

TRUE

24
Q

lentogenic

A

mild respiratory disease

25
Q

mesogenic

A

moderate systemic infection (resp. and GI)

26
Q

velogenic or exotic

A

severe systemic infection

27
Q

what is the control for Newcastle

A

modified live vax

28
Q

describe infectious laryngotracheitis

A

respiratory disease categorized by dyspnea and expectoration of blood

decreased egg production

29
Q

what is the pathogenesis of infectious laryngotracheitis

A
  1. aerosol exposure
  2. lytic infection of tracheal epithelium
  3. necrotic cells = blood in tracheal lumen
  4. asphyxiation and death
30
Q

T/F: infectious laryngotracheitis is always treated by vaccine

A

FALSE - biosecurity in free areas, vaccines in endemic areas

31
Q

describe the infectious bronchitis virus

A
  • highly contagious in chickens
  • infects trachea but can spread to kidneys + ovaries
  • reduced egg yield and quality
  • MLV or inactivated
32
Q

describe avian metapneumovirus

A
  • 3 to 12 weeks of age
  • facial pruritus, s+, nasal/eye discharge
  • drop in egg production
  • can resolve given no complications
33
Q

describe shipping fever

A

viral respiratory infection with secondary bacterial infection and stress

controlled by MLV

34
Q

what disease, termed cattle plague, was “eradicated”

A

rinderpest

35
Q

what is the pathogenesis and control for rinderpest

A

pathogenesis: oropharyngeal lymph infection, systemic, fever, erosions, bloody d+

control: surveillance, culling, restrictions and regulations, intense vax

36
Q

what are the top 3 disease manifestations of bovine herpesvirus 1

A
  1. respiratory disease
  2. abortion
  3. multiorgan neonatal infection
37
Q

why may we not give an MLV for bovine herpesvirus 1

A

if the cow is pregnant this may induce abortions

38
Q

what virus causes an inapparent or severe fatal form of disease based on species

A

malignant catarrhal fever virus (gammaherpesvirus)

39
Q

T/F: fatal systemic infections of gammaherpesvirus occurs in natural hosts

A

FALSE

40
Q

what are the clinical signs of gammaherpesvirus

A
  • fever
  • ulceration
  • nasal/ocular discharge
  • corneal edema
  • death
41
Q

is there a vaccine for gammaherpesvirus

A

NO

42
Q

what is visna-maedi

A

ovine progressive pneumonia common to iceland

43
Q

describe the transmission of OPP

A
  1. inhalation or ingestion of respiratory secretions
  2. colostrum to nursing kids
44
Q

what are the clinical signs of OPP

A
  • gradual weight loss
  • cough
  • nasal discharge
  • some CNS symptoms
45
Q

T/F: there is NO treatment for OPP

A

TRUE

46
Q

T/F: bovine adenovirus is always a respiratory manifestation

A

FALSE - 10 serotypes create array of infections

2 - Animal Health & Disease (15 decks)

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