Lecture 21 - Mucoflagellates Flashcards
T/F: mucoflagellates only reproduce asexually
TRUE
T/F: Mucoflagellates have indirect life cycles
FALSE
what is giardia duodenalis
species complex
how is giardia transmitted
fecal-oral
ingestion of cysts from feces, contaminated water, or fomites
what are the two stages of giardia
- trophozoite
- cysts
trophozoites are _____ but _____ while cysts are _____ and _____
active - noninfective
dormant - ineffective
what is the reproduction of trophozoites
binary fission
what is the pathogenesis of Giardia
indirect destruction of GI epithelial cells and villi
summarize the pathogenesis of giardia in
- trophozoites attach to small intestines
- damage to epithelial cells and enterocytes
- GI permeability and blunts intestinal villi
- reduced surface area
- maldigestion, malabsorption, hypersecretion
- D+
what are the clinical signs
- persistent diarrhea
- lethargy/weight loss
how is giardia diagnosed
- direct fecal
- fecal centrifuge
- antigen detection kits
- PCR
What is the recommended routine way to screen for giardia?
fecal float centrifugation
what solution is used for fecal float centrifuge
zinc sulfate
describe giardia morphology
petal shape
falling leaf motility
forms cysts
what test has increased specificity and sensitivity
ELISA antigen detection
what is the goal of Giardia tx
resolve clinical signs
T/F: you should only treat symptomatic dogs and cats
TRUE
T/F: giardia has a limited lifespan in the environment
FALSE
what are the risk factors for giardia
- high-density situations
- younger animals
T/F: giardia zoonosis is rare
TRUE
what causes large bowel diarrhea
tritrichomons blagburni
what is the transmission and stages of T. blagburni life cycles
transmission = fecal-oral
one stage = trophozoite
what is the pathogenesis of T. blagburni
indirect tissue destruction of large intestines causing colitis and D+
what ae the 4 clinical signs of T. blagburni
- D+
- cow-pie D+
- feces in hair around anus
- urgency and straining
what are the 3 ways T. blagburni is diagnosed
- Fresh wet-mounts and light microscopy
- in-vitro culture kit
- PCR
what is the morphology of T. blagburni
spindle-shaped with forward motility
what are the 2 risk factors for T. blagburni
- young cats
- high density, purebred cats
what is the treatment for T. blagburni
ronidazole
