Lecture 33 - Cystoisospora Flashcards
what is the common coccidian of carnivores
cystoisospora
T/F: cystoisospora is species-specific with size and shape
TRUE
a sporulated oocyst contains ____ sporocysts and ____ sporozoites each
2;4
what is the direct life cycle of cystoisospora
fecal-oral or ingestion transmission
sporozoites excyst from oocyst and invade enterocytes
what is the indirect life cycle of cystoisospora
rodent/bird paratenic host transmission
sporozoites excyst from prey tissue and invade definitive hosts
in the paratenic hosts, cystoisospora encysts in tissue as
cystozoite
what is the pathogenesis of cystoisospora
direct destruction of enterocytes in the small intestines due to villus atrophy, malabsorption, increased permeability, and hyper-secretion
what clinical disease is caused by cystoisospora
mild to moderate D+
what makes the clinical disease of cystoisospora worse
large infective dose of sporulated oocysts
how is cystoisospora diagnosed
- fecal float centrifugation
- PCR
T/F: D+ may occur before oocyst excretion
TRUE
how is cystoisospora treated
sulfa drugs (-static) or ponazuril (-cidal)
give supportive tx for symptoms
what are good control procedures for cystoisospora
- sanitation
- prevent access to paratenic hosts
- good nutrition
- keep stress low
what are the host risk factors for cystoisospora
immunodeficient due to young age, stress, and poor nutrition
what are the environmental risk factors
- moist, unsanitary conditions
- overcrowding
- access to paratenic hosts
canine cystoisospora
copious, watery, small bowel D+
C. canis - large, oval oocyst
C. ohioensis - small, spherical, +/- D
Feline cystoisospora
C. felis - large, oval oocyst, +/- pathogenic for kittens
C. rivolta - small, spherical, D+ in newborn kittens
Porcine cystoisospora
C. suis - direct life cycle, pre-weaning pigs (<14 days old), a very short course of the disease, impaired growth and economic loss
piglets 1-7 days old have scours due to
- e. coli
- clostridium
- virus
piglets 8 days to weaning have scours due to
- E. coli
- coccidia
post-weaning pigs have scours due to
- E. coli
- salmonella
- brachyspira
- lawsonia
- trichuris suis
how is porcine cystoisospora diagnosed
fecal float, histopathology, stained fecal smears, PCR, etc.
what drug suppresses oocyst excretion in piglets
toltrazuril
how does eimeria differ from cystoisospora in morphology
eimeria has a polar cap
