Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2 - Animal Health & Disease > Lecture 11 - Respiratory Virology 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 11 - Respiratory Virology 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what influenza type infects humans

A

B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what influenza type infects humans and pigs

A

C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what influenza type infects cattle and pigs

A

D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T/F: Influenza A infects all mammals

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the two envelope proteins of the flu

A

H and N

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

describe the makeup of the flu virus

A

8 segments of RNA “mini genes” enveloped by proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the target of influenza

A

respiratory epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what 2 ways does the flu evolve

A
  1. antigenic drift (point mutation)
  2. antigenic shift (reassortment)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

describe antigenic drift of the flu virus

A

mutations in envelope proteins allow escape from the immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

describe antigenic shift of the flu virus

A

sudden reassortment from dual infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

H1N1

A

swine flu
swine to human transmission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

T/F: pigs are known as the origin of interspecies transmission due to a specific receptor

A

FALSE - “mixing vessel” due to multiple receptors being present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the transmission of H1N1

A

aerosolized respiratory secretions and avian sheds in feces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe the pathogenesis of H1N1 in swine and equine

A
  • local resp. infection
  • fever, cough, anorexia
  • discharge
  • bronchopneumonia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the different types of alveolar lesions created by the flu

A
  1. atelectasis (collapse)
  2. consolidation (inflamed)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

H5N1

A

High-path bird flu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what species develops a subclinical infection with H5N1

A

water fowl

18
Q

what is the pathogenesis of H5N1 in birds

A

clinical infection of turkeys and chicken
mild respiratory disease or severe systemic infection
high disease cost associated

19
Q

T/F: HPAI H5N1 has been found in dairy cattle

A

True

20
Q

what are the implications of H5N1 being dairy cattle

A
  • human transmission of those in the dairy industry
  • cow to cow disease
21
Q

T/F: H5N1 affects dry dairy cows

A

FALSE - affects lactating cows (decreases production and causes clinical mastitis symptoms)

22
Q

T/F: H5N1 has tropism for udder

A

TRUE

23
Q

T/F: HPAI has shown adaptation to different mammals (poultry, alpacas, cats, humans, etc)

A

TRUE

24
Q

what was the first sign of H5N1 infecting cows

A

dead cats who drank raw milk

25
Q

experimental infection of cats with H5N1 showed 4 things

A
  1. cats excreted virus
  2. transmitted virus to sentinel cats
  3. lung lesions
  4. horizontal transmission
26
Q

what is unique about H3N8

A

equine influenza is zoonotic but is asymptomatic in humans

27
Q

what is the commonality between H3N8 and H3N2? the difference?

A

common = spread to dogs
difference = equine and avian origins respectively

28
Q

control for influenza in horses

A

frequent vax of high-risk population
quarantine procedures

29
Q

control for influenza in swine

A

no routine vax

30
Q

control for Influenza in avian

A

quarantine & eradication
limit contact with wild birds

31
Q

control for influenza in dogs

A

vax (inactivated H3N8 and H3N2)

32
Q

control for influenza in cattle

A

biosafety
H5N1 vax

33
Q

T/F: there are 4 genera of coronavirus - alpha, beta, delta, gamma

A

TRUE

34
Q

Describe frequent recombination generation

A
  1. polymerase transcribes RNA
  2. polymerase dissociates
  3. Reassociate at defined sites
  4. mixed genome is product
35
Q

SARS stands for

A

severe acute respiratory syndrome

36
Q

MERS stands for

A

Middle East respiratory syndrome

37
Q

what is the likely source of coronaviruses

A

bats

38
Q

what animal has covid infected naturally

A

cats

39
Q

what mammals are readily infected, symptomatic, and transmit

A

ferrets and minks

40
Q

T/F: it has been proven there is a secondary spillover linked with covid

A

FALSE

2 - Animal Health & Disease (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions