Iritis

Question 1

What is anterior uveitis also known as?

Answer 1

Iritis

Question 2

What are the components of the uvea?

Answer 2

• iris
• ciliary body
• choroid

Question 3

What is the most common cause of anterior uveitis?

Answer 3

Autoimmune process

Question 4

Which HLA antigen is commonly associated with inflammatory arthropathies related to anterior uveitis?

Answer 4

HLA-B27

Question 5

Name two inflammatory bowel diseases associated with anterior uveitis.

Answer 5

• Crohn’s disease
• Ulcerative colitis

Question 6

What is the most common infectious cause of anterior uveitis?

Answer 6

Toxoplasmosis

Question 7

List four clinical features of anterior uveitis.

Answer 7

• Painful red eye
• Reduced visual acuity (VA)
• Photophobia
• Excess lacrimation

Question 8

What does ciliary flush/injection look like?

Answer 8

Ring of red spreading out from cornea

Question 9

What type of pupil is commonly seen in anterior uveitis?

Answer 9

Small, irregular pupil

Question 10

What is hypopyon?

Answer 10

Accumulation of pus in the anterior chamber of the eye

Question 11

Name two differential diagnoses for a painful, red eye.

Answer 11

• Acute angle closure glaucoma
• Scleritis/episcleritis

Question 12

What is the first-line management for anterior uveitis?

Answer 12

• Topical steroid drops
• Pupil dilating drops (e.g. cyclopentolate or atropine)

Question 13

What is the purpose of pupil dilating drops in the treatment of anterior uveitis?

Answer 13

To reduce photophobia

Question 14

What treatments are used in severe cases of anterior uveitis?

Answer 14

• Systemic steroids
• Systemic immunosuppressants (e.g. methotrexate, mycophenolate, adalimumab)