Intestinal Ischaemia

Question 1

What is intestinal ischaemia?

Answer 1

Condition characterised by a reduction in blood supply to the intestines, leading to tissue damage and potential necrosis

Intestinal ischaemia can cause significant complications if not addressed promptly.

Question 2

What are the types of intestinal ischaemia?

Answer 2

1. Acute mesenteric ischaemia
2. Chronic mesenteric ischaemia (or mesenteric angina)

Each type has distinct causes and presentations.

Question 3

What are the causes of acute mesenteric ischaemia?

Answer 3

• Arterial occlusion
• Mesenteric venous thrombosis

These causes lead to a significant reduction in blood flow to the intestines.

Question 4

What are the presentations of acute mesenteric ischaemia?

Answer 4

• Acute severe abdominal pain (out of proportion)
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhoea

The severe abdominal pain is often disproportionate to the physical examination findings.

Question 5

What is the cause of chronic mesenteric ischaemia?

Answer 5

Atherosclerotic disease

Chronic mesenteric ischaemia typically develops over time due to gradual narrowing of blood vessels.

Question 6

What are the presentations of chronic mesenteric ischaemia?

Answer 6

• Postprandial discomfort
• Fear of eating
• Weight loss

Patients often avoid eating due to the discomfort experienced after meals.

Question 7

What is the primary diagnostic tool for intestinal ischaemia?

Answer 7

CT angiography

CT angiography is a non-invasive method to visualize blood flow in the mesenteric vessels.

Question 8

What are the surgical management options for intestinal ischaemia?

Answer 8

• Revascularisation procedures
• Endovascular therapy
• Bowel resection

Surgical options depend on the severity and type of ischaemia.

Question 9

What are the medical management strategies for intestinal ischaemia?

Answer 9

Risk factor modification

This may include lifestyle changes and medication to manage underlying conditions.