Chronic/Open-Angle Glaucoma

Question 1

Open-angle glaucoma

Answer 1

chronic, progressive optic nerve damage caused by raised intraoccular pressure from reduced/blocked aqeuous humour drainage

Question 2

Risk factors for open-angle glaucoma

Answer 2

• increasing age
• family history
• black ethnicity
• myopia

Question 3

Clinical features of open-angle glaucoma

Answer 3

• loss of peripheral fields vision (‘tunnel vision’)
• halos around lights (esp. at night)
• general blurring of vision
• headaches

Question 4

Fundoscopy findings in open-angle glaucoma

Answer 4

• optic disc cupping (> 0.7)
• optic disc pallor (from atrophy)

Question 5

Investigating open-angle glaucoma

Answer 5

• tonometry (intraoccular pressure)
• slit lamp (cup/disc ratio)
• visual field assessment
• gonioscopy (iris-cornea angle)

Question 6

Managing open-angle glaucoma

Answer 6

1. 360 degree laser trabeluoplasty
2. prostaglandin analogues - latanoprost
3. other - timolol, pilocarpine, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

Question 7

Latanoprost

Answer 7

• prostaglandin analogue
• used for open-angle glaucoma

Question 8

Pilocarpine

Answer 8

• Miotic agent
• used in open-angle glaucoma

Question 9

Dorzolamide

Answer 9

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
used in open-angle glaucoma