Chlamydia Flashcards
What type of bacteria is Chlamydia trachomatis?
Chlamydia trachomatis is a gram-negative bacteria.
What is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the UK?
Chlamydia is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the UK.
What increases the risk of catching chlamydia?
Being young, sexually active, and having multiple partners increases the risk.
What percentage of cases are asymptomatic in men and women?
50% in men and 75% in women.
What should everyone that tests positive for chlamydia do?
They should have a re-test three months after treatment.
What are the minimum tests performed at a GUM clinic for STI screening?
Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Syphilis (blood test), HIV (blood test).
What are the two types of swabs used in sexual health testing?
Charcoal swabs and Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) swabs.
What do charcoal swabs allow for?
Microscopy, culture, and sensitivities.
What can charcoal swabs confirm?
Bacterial vaginosis, Candidiasis, Gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, and other bacteria like group B streptococcus (GBS).
What do NAAT tests check for?
They check directly for the DNA or RNA of the organism.
What is the order of preference for NAAT testing in women?
Endocervical, vulvovaginal, and then urine.
What are common symptoms of chlamydia in women?
Abnormal vaginal discharge, pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, painful sex, and painful urination.
What are common symptoms of chlamydia in men?
Urethral discharge or discomfort, painful urination, epididymo-orchitis, and reactive arthritis.
What are examination findings for chlamydia?
Pelvic or abdominal tenderness, cervical motion tenderness, inflamed cervix, and purulent discharge.
What tests are used to diagnose chlamydia?
Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) using vulvovaginal swab, endocervical swab, first-catch urine sample, urethral swab, rectal swab, or pharyngeal swab.
What is the first-line treatment for uncomplicated chlamydia infection?
Doxycycline 100mg twice a day for 7 days.
What are alternative treatments for chlamydia in pregnant or breastfeeding women?
Azithromycin, Erythromycin, and Amoxicillin.
What should be done to reduce the risk of re-infection following chlamydia treatment?
Abstain from sex for seven days after treatment.
What are some complications of chlamydia infection?
Pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and reactive arthritis.
What are pregnancy-related complications from chlamydia?
Preterm delivery, low birth weight, and neonatal infection.
What is lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)?
A condition affecting lymphoid tissue around the site of chlamydia infection.
What are the stages of LGV?
Primary stage (painless ulcer), secondary stage (lymphadenitis), tertiary stage (proctitis and anal inflammation).
What is the first-line treatment for LGV?
Doxycycline 100mg twice daily for 21 days.
What is chlamydial conjunctivitis?
An infection of the conjunctiva usually resulting from genital fluid contact with the eye.
What are the symptoms of chlamydial conjunctivitis?
Chronic erythema, irritation, and discharge lasting more than two weeks.
