History Ch 2

Question 1

What were challenges people faced in Europe during the 14th and 15th centuries

Answer 1

Murder rate high, plague, malnutrition, violence, anything bad

Question 2

What is the Great Schism and how was the Church affected

Answer 2

Split in catholic church over who the Pope is

Question 3

What advantages did Italy have to make it the birthplace of the Renaissance

Answer 3

It had a wealthy merchant class. Thriving cities. Classical heritage

Question 4

Define: Secularism

Answer 4

Believe human needs and values more important than religious beliefs

Question 5

Define humanism

Answer 5

Focus on human achievement

Question 6

Define patron

Answer 6

Someone who gives financial support

Question 7

Define indulgences

Answer 7

Pardons for sin

Question 8

What did society focus on during the Renaissance period

Answer 8

Non-religious things, Greeks and Romans, art, literature, learning

Question 9

What does Renaissance mean

Answer 9

Rebirth

Question 10

Describe a Renaissance man

Answer 10

Well rounded person, highly educated

Question 11

Which city was the epicenter of the renaissance

Answer 11

Florence

Question 12

What was an immediate effect the printing press had on society

Answer 12

People learned to read and write

Question 13

What did Martin Luther teach

Answer 13

Salvation is by faith alone in God, Bible is the main source of authority, people can interpret Bible on their own

Question 14

What was the significance of the reformation

Answer 14

Social political change, Protestantism, challenge Catholic church

Question 15

What was the importance of the printing press? What was the first thing printed on the press

Answer 15

Spread ideas quickly, people learned to read, Bible

Question 16

Why did England break away from the Catholic church

Answer 16

Political and personal reasons. Henry VIII

Question 17

How did the church respond to Martin Luther’s teachings

Answer 17

Excommunicated him

Question 18

What are the differences between Lutheranism and Catholicism

Answer 18

Catholics believe in salvation by works, Lutherans salvation by faith and reject Pope

Question 19

What did John Calvin teach regarding salvation

Answer 19

He believed in pre-destination (God planned for some ppl to go to heave and some to hell)

Question 20

What are the key differences between Lutheranism and Calvinism

Answer 20

Lutheranism: Free will
Calvinism: Pre-destination

Question 21

What was the goal of the Catholic counter reformation

Answer 21

To revive spiritual part of Catholicism, to combat heresy, to define Catholic doctrine

Question 22

What belief was shared by all the important scientist of the scientific revolution

Answer 22

Truth is achievable through inquiry and observation

Question 23

What did Francis Bacon stress that helped develop the scientific method

Answer 23

People need to experiment and observe

Question 24

What happened during the peasant revolt in 1524 and who was against it

Answer 24

The peasants revolted against the Lords. Martin Luther

Question 25

Explain in detail the causes of the Renaissance

Answer 25

Wealthy merchant class leads to money spent on art Italian Peninsula great for trade Inspired by their Roman roots

Question 26

Explain in detail the causes of the Reformation

Answer 26

Widespread corruption in the Catholic church Popes and other leaders were greedy Sell of indulgences Martin Luther speaks against the church leading to a revolt

Question 27

Explain how the printing press impacted the Renaissance and Reformation era

Answer 27

Printing press spread new ideas People learned to read and write Without it, reformation and renaissance would have been slowed/hindered