History absolute monarch and enlightenment test Flashcards
Who built the palace of versailles
Louis XIV
Which country did Peter the Great (Peter I) rule
Russia
How did Henry IV help reunite France
Converted to Catholicism and gave rights to Huguenots
How were Austria and Prussia similar as it relates to them becoming powerful nations
Both sought to consolidate power and expand territory
How did Peter the Great attempt to westernize his nation
Used autocratic power to introduce rapid change
What was Louis XIV’s nickname
Sun King
How did Catherine the Great build on Peter the Great’s accomplishments
Getting new territory and expanding serfdom
Which absolute monarch emphasized military power in Prussia
Frederick the Great
Who sent the Spanish Armada to England
King Philip II
Why did James I have problems working with the parliament
Believed in absolute power of kings
What is the Long Parliament? What’s significant about it
Charles I kept dissolving and bringing back parliament. Led to English Civil War
Who led the Roundheads during the English civil war
Oliver Cromwell
What was the purpose of the Petition of Rights
Limited power of the king
What did Oliver Cromwell do when he came into power
Abolished monarchy
What type of government was put in place when William and Mary took the throne
Constitutional monarchy
What was the impact of the English Bill of Rights
Parliament had powers independent of the King
What is divine right
God has established the power of the King
Who came to the throne with the Glorious Revolution
William of Orange and Mary
What was the Restoration what did it restore
Charles II comes back as the King. Restored the monarchy
After the English civil war and Glorious Revolution how did the power of the monarch change
Bill of Rights signed - Limited monarch’s power
What was a chief characteristic of Britain’s constitutional gov
Cabinet system
How did the scientific revolution lead to the enlightenment
Encouraged people to use reason to solve problems
What type of gov would Rousseau be in favor of
An enlightened monarchy
How did Montesquieu’s writings influence the US constitution
Branches of gov
What are natural rights
Rights given by God and all people have them; life, liberty, property
Which enlightenment thinker advocated for women’s rights
Mary Wollenstonecraft
In general what did the enlightenment thinkers question about society
Traditional Authority
What was the goal of enlightenment writers
Limit government from interfering with people’s rights
What were thoughts of John Locke
People had natural rights such as life, liberty, and property
What were Adam Smith’s thoughts on economics
Free market should regulate business activity
According to Declaration of Independence what was the purpose of governments
To protect individual’s natural rights
What doc challenged the authority of King George III
Declaration of Independence
What is popular sovereignty
Gov power comes from the people being governed
What influenced the enlightenment thinkers
Scientific revolution
