Chem Ch 8 Flashcards
Oxidation numbers, what are they?
+ or – charges on one atom or a group of atoms (Polyatomic ions)
Give two examples of an element or polyatomic ion with its oxidation number
Cl - Na + SO4^2-
Greek prefixes – what do they tell us?
How many of something there is
List the prefixes in order from 1 through 9
Mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona
What does binary mean?
2 parts
What does ionic mean
Atom loses electron to the other when they bond
What is a cation
Positive ion
Which part of the formula would you see the cation
Positive ion
LiH Which is cation
Li
magnesium acetate formula
Mg(C2H3O2)2
Why the parentheses?
GROUP OF ATOMS TOGETHER IN A SPECIFIC WAY = POLYATOMIC IONS
Iron (III) chloride and Iron (II) chloride: give their formula
Iron (III) chloride = FeCl3
Iron (II) chloride = FeCl2
What is the difference between Iron (II) and Iron (III)?
+2 versus a +3 charge (oxidation number)
The numbers we see in some formula names like I, II, III, IV, V VI are all examples of what type of numerals?
Roman
What is the Stock system of naming compounds? Give examples
Iron (II) Oxide = FeO
Iron (III) Oxide = Fe2O3
Copper (I) Fluoride = CuF
Why is it important to balance the + and – charges of ions in a formula?
Balances to zero which is neutral and less likely to react
Water can and does attach itself to the crystalline structure of a molecule. What is the water called?
Hydrate
What do we call a compound that has no water in the molecule
Anhydrous
MgSO4 * 3H2O
Magnesium Sulfate Trihydrate
Chemical formula for sodium cyanide
NaCN
Chemical formula for calcium fluoride
CaF2
P2O5
Diphosphorus Pentoxide
N3O5
Trinitrogen Pentoxide
The symbol ——–> in an equation means
Yields or this will result in
What reaction is 4Fe + 3O2 ——> 2Fe2O3
Synthesis
What reaction is 2AlCl3 ——> 2Al + 3Cl2
Decomposition
What reaction is TiCl4 + 4N —-> Ti + 4NaCl
Single replacement
What reaction is 2NaCl + H2SO4 ——–> Na2SO4
Double replacement
When we say that HF is in the gas form in a chemical equation, how do we represent this?
HF (g)
You have a beaker full of the solution of stomach acid (KCl). How do we show it as a solution in a chemical reaction?
KCl (aq)
When you see an equation A+B -> <- AB, what does the -> <- tell us about the equation?
The equation goes forward and backward
The catalyst helps doing what in a chemical reaction?
Speeds up a reaction while its unchanged
What symbol do we use when a precipitate forms because of a chemical reaction?
arrow pointing down
We use the symbol (triangle) to tell us
Heat was added to get the reaction going
When would a decomposition reaction take place in the real world
Digesting food in the stomach, burning a marshmallow, food being spoiled
